<\/p>\n
\n\t\t\t\t\t\tInformations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda<\/strong><\/a>.\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\n\nTh\u00e9matiques<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nM\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nNum\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nOrganisation des connaissances<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\tR\u00e9ponse attendue pour le<\/span><\/span> 28\/02\/2021<\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\tType de r\u00e9ponse<\/span><\/span> R\u00e9sum\u00e9<\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tType de contribution attendue<\/span><\/span> Article<\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNom de la publication<\/span><\/span> Socio-Anthropologie<\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nCoordinateurs<\/h3>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMathilde<\/span> Bourrier<\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t, mathilde.bourrier@unige.ch<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLeah<\/span> Kimber<\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t, leah.kimber@unige.ch<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n\nContacts<\/h3>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMathilde Bourrier<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMathilde.Bourrier@unige.ch<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLeah Kimber<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLeah.Kimber@unige.ch<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n\nSites internet de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence<\/h3>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSite internet de la revue<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\nArgumentaire<\/h2>\nLa situation que nous vivons, dans le contexte de la pand\u00e9mie COVID-19, nous a conduit \u00e0\u0300 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir \u00e0 ce dossier th\u00e9matique. Il fournit le pr\u00e9texte, mais n\u2019en constitue pas la mati\u00e8re. La crise plan\u00e9taire qui traverse pays, r\u00e9gions, villes, communaut\u00e9s, institutions et organisations de toutes natures offre sans aucun doute des possibilit\u00e9s in\u00e9puisables de questionnements sociologiques et anthropologiques. Elle renouv\u00e8le des questions constitutives des sciences sociales, comme celles des in\u00e9galit\u00e9s, des dimensions sociales des \u00e9pid\u00e9mies, de l\u2019allocation des ressources, ou de la mondialisation des \u00e9changes, etc. Cependant, c\u2019est au versant plus m\u00e9thodologique de notre pratique de sciences sociales que ce dossier voudrait se consacrer.<\/p>\nIntitul\u00e9 \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb, ce num\u00e9ro souhaite rassembler des contributions sur la mani\u00e8re dont un certain nombre de tendances, de contraintes et d’injonctions \u2013 et donc pas uniquement li\u00e9 \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie \u2013 interroge les m\u00e9thodologies plus traditionnelles de recueil de donn\u00e9es, bas\u00e9es sur le temps long, l\u2019immersion, l’observation directe, les discussions gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l\u2019interconnaissance et la copr\u00e9sence dans un m\u00eame lieu. En effet, la constitution d\u2019un terrain d’enqu\u00eate sociologique ou anthropologique passe encore pour beaucoup d\u2019entre nous par une immersion longue dans un milieu social, par un recueil au plus pr\u00e8s des pratiques et des mani\u00e8res de faire, de juger, de penser, d\u2019accomplir activit\u00e9s, missions et t\u00e2ches. Cette pratique se base fondamentalement sur un progressif \u00e9tablissement de relations de confiance et de partage avec les acteurs sociaux. Un souci r\u00e9flexif toujours plus affut\u00e9 s\u2019est d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 dans les sciences sociales pour rendre compte de ce processus d\u2019enqu\u00eate au plus pr\u00e8s<\/em>. D’autres disciplines, comme l’Egyptologie ou l’Arch\u00e9ologie sont \u00e9galement intrins\u00e8quement habit\u00e9es par les enjeux de la distance, voire de la mise \u00e0 distance. Leurs chercheurs doivent sans rel\u00e2che penser leurs travaux en prenant au s\u00e9rieux le contexte notamment administratif, bureaucratique et politique, afin de mettre tout en \u0153uvre pour \u00ab ouvrir \u00bb leurs terrains et leurs champs de fouille. Dans quelle situation se trouvent-ils aujourd’hui ? Comment r\u00e9fl\u00e9chissent-ils \u00e0 cette question de l’\u00e9tude \u00e0 distance ?<\/p>\nCette mani\u00e8re d’enqu\u00eater au plus pr\u00e8s<\/em> pour aussi constitutive qu’elle soit de nos disciplines s’est d\u00e9j\u00e0 trouv\u00e9e questionn\u00e9e notamment par Mead et M\u00e9traux dans \u00ab The Study of Culture at a Distance \u00bb (1953). Etudier des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s \u00e9teintes (ou en voie d’extinction), enqu\u00eater en temps de guerre, ou simplement rejoindre des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s compl\u00e8tement inaccessibles posaient d\u00e9j\u00e0 de s\u00e9rieux probl\u00e8mes m\u00e9thodologiques aux anthropologues culturels de l’\u00e9poque. Quand l’observation directe et la longue immersion ne sont pas possibles, comment faire ? M\u00eame si les pistes th\u00e9oriques offertes pour \u00e9tudier la culture via l’attention port\u00e9e aux caract\u00e9ristiques psychologiques des peuples par Mead et M\u00e9traux et leur groupe de recherche se sont vues critiquer par la suite (Wallace, 1954), il n’en reste pas moins que la discussion sur le recrutement des \u00ab informants \u00bb, sur l’usage des images, l’\u00e9tude de documents, de films, d’\u0153uvres d’art, de jeux de soci\u00e9t\u00e9, nous donne \u00e0 voir une prolifique cr\u00e9ativit\u00e9. Mead et M\u00e9traux avaient \u00e9galement l’intime conviction que de telles discussions m\u00e9thodologiques allaient \u00eatre certainement reprises \u00e0 nouveau frais dans les d\u00e9cennies \u00e0 venir : \u00ab However this may be, it is certain that for the rest of the 20th century we shall be dealing with types of change that are so rapid and so revolutionary that we shall be in continual need of methods for reconstructing the cultures of a quarter of a century or even ten years<\/em>\u00ab . (p.3)<\/p>\nCes lignes de Mead et M\u00e9traux r\u00e9sonnent \u00e0 nos oreilles 70 ans plus tard. En effet, il nous semble que nos processus d\u2019enqu\u00eate se trouvent bouscul\u00e9s par plusieurs ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes, certains connus et d’autres \u00e9mergents. Tous sont plus ou moins directement reli\u00e9s \u00e0 la question des acc\u00e8s aux terrains d’enqu\u00eate que le\/la chercheur\/se forge et \u00e0 l’actualisation contextuelle de cette question : i) Ainsi dans un premier groupe, on pourrait placer les difficult\u00e9s d’acc\u00e8s physique dans la dur\u00e9e \u00e0 la vie de certaines organisations ou ar\u00e8nes de n\u00e9gociations collectives et la mise \u00e0 distance fr\u00e9quente des chercheur.euses en sciences sociales. Il ne s’agit pas l\u00e0 d’un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne nouveau. Il a donn\u00e9 lieu \u00e0 l’expression de toutes sortes de strat\u00e9gies pour contourner ces difficult\u00e9s ; ii) Dans un second groupe, on peut trouver les d\u00e9fis m\u00e9thodologiques que pose l’\u00e9tude des nombreuses pratiques sociales \u00e0 distance qui se sont d\u00e9j\u00e0 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es au c\u0153ur des institutions et des organisations avec le d\u00e9veloppement du t\u00e9l\u00e9travail, ou de l’enseignement \u00e0 distance en formation continue (McKee, 1999) par exemple, ou encore les loisirs en ligne : les \u00e9tudier en prenant en compte leur d\u00e9ploiement \u00e0 distance r\u00e9clamait d\u00e9j\u00e0 des ajustements m\u00e9thodologiques, sur lesquels nous revenons un peu plus bas ; iii) D’autres sont plus r\u00e9cents et parfois spectaculaires : le basculement de nombre d\u2019organisations dans un fonctionnement en ligne, le passage au t\u00e9l\u00e9travail parfois massif, \u00e0 la tenue de visioconf\u00e9rences permanentes ont partiellement virtualis\u00e9 le fonctionnement d\u2019institutions aussi centrales que l\u2019\u00c9cole, l’Universit\u00e9, la Diplomatie \u00ad- dans les ar\u00e8nes des organisations onusiennes au c\u0153ur des n\u00e9gociations internationales, on parle de \u00ab Zoomplomacy \u00bb, pour qualifier ce basculement vers une forme virtuelle de fonctionnement \u00ad- ou m\u00eame l\u2019\u00c9glise.<\/p>\nConcr\u00e8tement, comment allons-nous faire pour \u00e9tudier les toutes nouvelles dynamiques d\u2019action collective des milieux d’interconnaissance et de travail, qui se d\u00e9roulent d\u00e9sormais \u00e0 distance ? Est-ce qu’il sera suffisant, en imaginant que cela soit possible, de disposer des invitations Zoom, Webex ou Teams et de se glisser en \u00ab observateur \u00bb dans les petites lucarnes ? Ce n\u2019est pas impossible d’obtenir de tels acc\u00e8s, mais on sent bien que la mise \u00e0 distance risque de se renforcer et de devenir la norme. Si l\u2019embedding <\/em>semblait fournir les conditions d’un acc\u00e8s et d\u2019un maintien sur le terrain dans le cadre d’organisations tr\u00e8s d\u00e9fensives (Bourrier, 2010, 2013 ; Kimber, 2020), peut-on imaginer d\u00e9velopper une pratique du \u00ab e-embedding \u00bb ? C\u2019est-\u00e0-dire \u00e9laborer une forme de pratique du miroir pour le ou la chercheur.se : si les acteurs sociaux travaillent depuis leur domicile, le chercheur ne devrait-il pas en faire autant ? Dans la mesure o\u00f9 les acteurs op\u00e8rent \u00e0 distance, il n’y a plus lieu de chercher \u00e0 les observer in situ<\/em>, ou plut\u00f4t le in situ<\/em> devient en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 leur salle de r\u00e9union virtuelle, en permanence ouverte. Quelles seraient alors les conditions d\u2019un e-embedding <\/em>et comment devrions-nous le n\u00e9gocier ?<\/p>\nLes chercheurs et les chercheuses ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chi \u00e0 des m\u00e9thodes alternatives, permettant de capter par d\u2019autres moyens les pratiques sociales. Comme on l’a rappel\u00e9 plus haut, les guerres mondiales du pass\u00e9 ou les conflits qui frappent de nombreux pays compliquent depuis longtemps le travail des anthropologues, des ethnologues et des sociologues. Quoi de neuf, pourrait-on dire ? Cela fait plus de 10 ans qu\u2019il existe une litt\u00e9rature pesant le pour et le contre de la recherche \u00ab en ligne \u00bb (Fielding et al., 2008), et de l\u2019ethnographie dite \u00ab virtuelle \u00bb plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment, dans laquelle s\u2019inscrit typiquement la conduite des entretiens par visioconf\u00e9rence (Johnson et al, 2019 ; Seitz, 2016 ; Janghorban et al.<\/em>, 2014), mais aussi l\u2019analyse de documents par le biais du bureau dit \u00ab virtuel \u00bb (Crichton & Kinash 2003). Si le langage corporel et tous les vagabondages qu\u2019une conversation en face \u00e0 face permet de capter manquent cruellement dans un entretien en visioconf\u00e9rence, il appara\u00eet que d\u2019autres b\u00e9n\u00e9fices peuvent aussi contrebalancer ces manques : la personne est disponible, souvent \u00e0 son domicile \u2013 mais pas uniquement \u2013 , elle n\u2019est pas interrompue par ses coll\u00e8gues \u2013 mais le sera peut-\u00eatre par ses enfants \u2013, elle est concentr\u00e9e sur les questions de l\u2019interviewer \u2013 en partie d’ailleurs car le dispositif technique n’est pas toujours tr\u00e8s robuste et que le son ou l’image vacillent. Ces entretiens via visioconf\u00e9rence permettent aussi de rencontrer des personnes, localis\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger qu\u2019il n\u2019est pas facile de joindre \u00e0 leurs bureaux du fait du d\u00e9calage horaire ou \u00e9loign\u00e9es g\u00e9ographiquement tout simplement des chercheur.ses.<\/p>\nCertains travaux autour des pratiques digitales notamment (Hine, 2015) et\/ou favorisant des collectes hybrides ou mixtes montrent d\u00e9j\u00e0\u0300 la voie. \u00c0 cet \u00e9gard, les travaux issus des digital ethnographies <\/em>o\u00f9 les chercheurs s’engagent avec des personnes en ligne, interviewent les utilisateurs de technologies ou demandent \u00e0 ces derniers de prendre des images qu’ils publient en ligne repr\u00e9sentent peut-\u00eatre une voie palliative praticable pour de nombreuses collectes (Pink 2016). De m\u00eame, l\u2019observation de pratiques en ligne (Baym, 2000) ou l\u2019utilisation de donn\u00e9es de masse c\u00e9d\u00e9es par des op\u00e9rateurs et rendues totalement anonymes (Cf. par exemple l\u2019utilisation des donn\u00e9es de masse de Meetic<\/em> par Marie Bergstr\u00f6m, 2019), pourraient venir enrichir consid\u00e9rablement le portfolio des m\u00e9thodes immersives plus traditionnelles.<\/p>\nDans la mesure o\u00f9 de nombreuses pratiques sociales se d\u00e9roulent majoritairement en ligne, comment \u00e9tablir les bases m\u00e9thodologiques pour monter des enqu\u00eates techniquement faisables, scientifiquement solides, socialement accept\u00e9es et \u00e9thiquement valides ? D\u00e9sormais, de nombreux chercheur.ses consid\u00e8rent que les \u00e9changes en ligne constituent en eux-m\u00eames les terrains d\u2019enqu\u00eate, et que c\u2019est donc au travers de m\u00e9thodologies d\u2019observation et d\u2019\u00e9change en ligne qu\u2019ils convient de les explorer. Mais que se passe-t-il quand ce sont des pans entiers de la vie sociale (l\u2019\u00e9cole, le travail, le sport, la pratique religieuse….) qui basculent en ligne ? Cela engage-t-il un nouvel agenda de recherche s\u2019int\u00e9ressant de mani\u00e8re privil\u00e9gi\u00e9e aux pratiques de toutes natures sur internet ? Par ailleurs, un basculement en ligne de la recherche pousse-t-il \u00e0 repenser la d\u00e9ontologie-m\u00eame du m\u00e9tier de chercheur en sciences sociales ? Sachant que dans certains pays, les questions d\u00e9ontologiques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 collectivement prises en consid\u00e9ration par les chercheurs, les universit\u00e9s et les organismes financeurs, par la r\u00e9daction de codes \u00e9thiques sur lesquels s\u2019appuient des instances de contr\u00f4le (B\u00e9liard et Eideliman, 2008), l\u2019adaptation de certaines pratiques appelle-t-elle \u00e0 collectivement repenser les codes \u00e9thiques\u00a0pour les activit\u00e9s en ligne (Tene et Polonetsky, 2016) ?<\/p>\nDe surcroit, ces pratiques d\u2019interview \u00e0 distance par exemple se sont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es dans un double contexte de r\u00e9duction et\/ou d\u2019optimisation des frais de collecte de donn\u00e9es et de sensibilisation dans les institutions acad\u00e9miques \u00e0 l\u2019empreinte carbone de la recherche, ce qui inclut les voyages, les conf\u00e9rences \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger ainsi que la r\u00e9alisation des terrains d\u2019enqu\u00eate et des campagnes d\u2019entretiens ou d\u2019observation par exemple. Ce contexte pr\u00e9existe \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie et il y a fort \u00e0 parier que les pr\u00e9occupations environnementales et la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de conduire une grande partie du travail de terrain \u00e0 distance vont perdurer. La mise au point de pratiques de recherche durables constitue un point de discussion saillante dans les laboratoires, centres et d\u00e9partements acad\u00e9miques.<\/p>\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la technologie pourrait-il v\u00e9ritablement constituer une voie possible et \u00e0 quelles conditions ? Si l\u2019on voit bien comment l\u2019entretien peut facilement basculer d’un mode en face \u00e0 face \u00e0 un mode \u00e0 distance (ce qui n\u2019est pas sans poser de questions mais on le fait d\u00e9j\u00e0), l\u2019observation des pratiques dans leur milieu naturel d\u2019occurrence est rendue beaucoup plus difficile sans mettre \u00e0 mal le projet scientifique m\u00eame d\u2019une ethnographie. Par exemple, on ne saura plus rien des interactions spontan\u00e9es entre les acteurs, ce qui est toujours une source importante de donn\u00e9es. La distance du chercheur par rapport \u00e0 son objet est en elle-m\u00eame une question tr\u00e8s travaill\u00e9e, mais il s\u2019agit d\u2019autre chose ici, il s’agit d\u2019une distance technologiquement construite. Car comment faire pour maintenir l\u2019essence m\u00eame de notre travail d\u2019enqu\u00eate, qui est de comprendre et de rester au plus pr\u00e8s de la mani\u00e8re dont les acteurs sociaux produisent et s\u2019arrangent des conditions dans lesquelles ils se trouvent si nous sommes emp\u00each\u00e9s de demeurer aupr\u00e8s d\u2019eux ? Quelles adaptations doivent \u00eatre entreprises ? Les historiens ont \u00e9t\u00e9 amen\u00e9s par exemple \u00e0 d\u00e9laisser le papier pour des formes dites \u00ab num\u00e9riques \u00bb, qui transforment les fa\u00e7ons de proc\u00e9der des chercheurs autant que l\u2019\u00e9tude de leurs mani\u00e8res de faire (Roustan, 2016).L\u2019enqu\u00eate \u00e0 distance repr\u00e9sente-t-elle, alors, une nouvelle \u00e9tape de \u00ab rapatriation \u00bb pour l\u2019anthropologue (Kilani, 1987), cette fois au plus pr\u00e8s de la vie sur \u00e9cran, puisque c\u2019est d\u00e9sormais l\u00e0 que nos probl\u00e9matiques de recherche doivent s\u2019appr\u00e9hender\u00a0ou est-elle un d\u00e9fi peut-\u00eatre momentan\u00e9, li\u00e9 \u00e0 un certain contexte, que l\u2019anthropologie et la sociologie doivent \u00eatre capables de surmonter ? En tout cas elle repose, aux sciences sociales, les questions du lointain, du d\u00e9tour ou de la comparaison internationale.<\/p>\nA travers cet appel, nous recherchons la soumission de textes, adoss\u00e9s \u00e0 des exp\u00e9riences de terrain, m\u00eame contrari\u00e9es, qui reviennent sur la question de l\u2019enrichissement des collectes, sur des alternatives aux collectes plus traditionnelles et sur les dilemmes que l\u2019enqu\u00eate \u00e0 distance ne manque pas de poser. Ainsi, on pourra s’interroger sur un apparent paradoxe : tandis que l’on est contraint d’enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance, on se retrouve aussi plong\u00e9 davantage dans l’intimit\u00e9 de nos interlocuteurs\/trices par le biais des (nouvelles) technologies de communication. La porosit\u00e9 entre les temps de travail et les temps personnels ou familiaux a d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 abord\u00e9 \u00e0 la faveur des premi\u00e8res enqu\u00eates sur le t\u00e9l\u00e9travail dans les ann\u00e9es 1990 et 2000 (Metzger & Cleach, 2004 ; Belton & de Coninck, 2007 ; Broadbent, 2016). Aujourd’hui cette porosit\u00e9 s’expose au plein jour des cam\u00e9ras des ordinateurs. Dans le m\u00eame temps, malgr\u00e9 cette nouvelle proximit\u00e9 avec nos interlocuteurs\/trices, ne court-on pas le risque d’un progressif aveuglement et d’une perte de connaissances sur les dynamiques ancr\u00e9es des mondes sociaux. Pour autant, il nous appara\u00eet que dans la mesure o\u00f9 le d\u00e9ploiement des pratiques en ligne est d\u00e9sormais sans fin, d\u00e9velopper de nouvelles m\u00e9thodologies d’enqu\u00eate repr\u00e9sente un d\u00e9fi \u00e0 relever. La virtualisation de la recherche de terrain est en route, comment faire pour qu\u2019elle ne signe pas le retour de la recherche en chambre, dans ce \u00ab cabinet \u00bb autrefois d\u00e9sert\u00e9 par Malinowski ? Comment maintenir la possibilit\u00e9\u0301 d\u2019un regard en pr\u00e9sence, aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s et avec les acteurs sociaux ?<\/p>\nModalit\u00e9s de soumission<\/h2>\nUne intention argument\u00e9e d\u2019environ 5\u00a0000 signes<\/strong> est attendue pour le 28 f\u00e9vrier 2021<\/strong>.<\/p>\nElle pr\u00e9cisera l\u2019objet et le questionnement de recherche, les donn\u00e9es et la m\u00e9thodologie mobilis\u00e9es, comme les enseignements tir\u00e9s, afin de faciliter le travail d\u2019arbitrage.<\/p>\nElle doit \u00eatre adress\u00e9e aux deux coordinatrices du num\u00e9ro : Mathilde.Bourrier@unige.ch<\/a> et Leah.Kimber@unige.ch<\/a><\/p>\nLa notification des propositions pr\u00e9-s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9es sera donn\u00e9e aux auteurs\u00a0mi mars. La remise des textes r\u00e9dig\u00e9s (entre 25\u00a0000 et 35\u00a0000 signes) est fix\u00e9e au\u00a030 mai 2021. La V2 apr\u00e8s \u00e9valuation des articles en double aveugle<\/strong> est attendue pour le 1 octobre 2021.<\/p>\nLa parution du num\u00e9ro\u00a044 \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb aura lieu d\u00e9but 2022.<\/p>\nBibliographie<\/h2>\nBaym, N. (2000). Tune in, Log on : Soaps, Fandom, and Online Community<\/em>. Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage.<\/p>\nBergstr\u00f6m, M. (2019). Les nouvelles lois de l’amour : sexualit\u00e9\u0301, couple et rencontres au temps du num\u00e9rique<\/em>. Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nB\u00e9liard, A. &\u00a0Eideliman, J. (2008). 6 : Au-del\u00e0 de la d\u00e9ontologie : Anonymat et confidentialit\u00e9 dans le travail ethnographique. Dans : Alban Bensa \u00e9d.,\u00a0Les politiques de l’enqu\u00eate<\/em>\u00a0(pp. 123-141). Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nBelton, L., & De Coninck, F. (2007). Des fronti\u00e8res et des liens. R\u00e9seaux<\/em>, (1), 67-100.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2010). Pour une sociologie \u00ab embarqu\u00e9e \u00bb des univers \u00e0 risque ? Tsantsa,<\/em> Revue de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9\u0301 suisse d’Ethnologie<\/em>, (15), 28-37.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2013). Embarquements. Socio-anthropologie<\/em> (dossier \u201cEmbarqu\u00e9s\u201d, dirig\u00e9 par G\u00e9rard Dubey), vol. 27, 21-34.<\/p>\nBroadbent, S. (2016). Intimacy at work : How digital media bring private life to the workplace<\/em> (Vol. 2). Routledge.<\/p>\nCrichton, S. and S. Kinash (2003). \u00ab Virtual ethnography : Interactive interviewing online as method. \u00bb Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology<\/em>\/La revue canadienne de l\u2019apprentissage et de la technologie <\/em>29(2).<\/p>\nFielding, N. G., Lee, R. M., & Blank, G. (Eds.). (2008).\u00a0The SAGE handbook of online research methods<\/em>. Sage.<\/p>\nHine, C. (2015). Ethnography for the internet : Embedded, embodied and everyday<\/em>. Bloomsbury Publishing.<\/p>\nJanghorban, R., Roudsari, R. L., & Taghipour, A. (2014). Skype interviewing : The new generation of online synchronous interview in qualitative research. Int. journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being<\/em>, 9<\/em>(1), 24152.<\/p>\nJohnson, D. R., Scheitle, C. P., & Ecklund, E. H. (2019). Beyond the In-Person Interview ? How Interview Quality Varies Across In-person, Telephone, and Skype Interviews. Social Science Computer Review<\/em>, 0894439319893612.<\/p>\nKilani, M. (1987). L’anthropologie de terrain et le terrain de l’anthropologie. Observation, description et textualisation en anthropologie. R\u00e9seaux. Communication-Technologie-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, 5<\/em>(27), 39-78.<\/p>\nKimber, L. (2020). The Architecture of Exclusion at the United Nations : Analyzing the Inclusion of the Women\u2019s Group in the Negotiations of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/em>. PhD, University of Geneva.<\/p>\nMcKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sfsic.org\/en\/aac-publication\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.sfsic.org\/en\/aac-publication\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"SFSIC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Axelle Martin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Axelle Martin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d3606993477708f4359fb9aeda58df3b\"},\"headline\":\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":3158,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"Anthropologie\",\"M\u00e9thodologie\",\"Pand\u00e9mie\"],\"articleSection\":[\"AAC Publications\",\"Article\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\",\"name\":\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\",\"description\":\"La revue \\\"Socio-Anthropologie\\\" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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\n\t\t\t\t\t\tR\u00e9ponse attendue pour le<\/span><\/span> 28\/02\/2021<\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\tType de r\u00e9ponse<\/span><\/span> R\u00e9sum\u00e9<\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tType de contribution attendue<\/span><\/span> Article<\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNom de la publication<\/span><\/span> Socio-Anthropologie<\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nCoordinateurs<\/h3>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMathilde<\/span> Bourrier<\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t, mathilde.bourrier@unige.ch<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLeah<\/span> Kimber<\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t, leah.kimber@unige.ch<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n\nContacts<\/h3>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMathilde Bourrier<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMathilde.Bourrier@unige.ch<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLeah Kimber<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLeah.Kimber@unige.ch<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n\nSites internet de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence<\/h3>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSite internet de la revue<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\nArgumentaire<\/h2>\nLa situation que nous vivons, dans le contexte de la pand\u00e9mie COVID-19, nous a conduit \u00e0\u0300 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir \u00e0 ce dossier th\u00e9matique. Il fournit le pr\u00e9texte, mais n\u2019en constitue pas la mati\u00e8re. La crise plan\u00e9taire qui traverse pays, r\u00e9gions, villes, communaut\u00e9s, institutions et organisations de toutes natures offre sans aucun doute des possibilit\u00e9s in\u00e9puisables de questionnements sociologiques et anthropologiques. Elle renouv\u00e8le des questions constitutives des sciences sociales, comme celles des in\u00e9galit\u00e9s, des dimensions sociales des \u00e9pid\u00e9mies, de l\u2019allocation des ressources, ou de la mondialisation des \u00e9changes, etc. Cependant, c\u2019est au versant plus m\u00e9thodologique de notre pratique de sciences sociales que ce dossier voudrait se consacrer.<\/p>\nIntitul\u00e9 \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb, ce num\u00e9ro souhaite rassembler des contributions sur la mani\u00e8re dont un certain nombre de tendances, de contraintes et d’injonctions \u2013 et donc pas uniquement li\u00e9 \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie \u2013 interroge les m\u00e9thodologies plus traditionnelles de recueil de donn\u00e9es, bas\u00e9es sur le temps long, l\u2019immersion, l’observation directe, les discussions gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l\u2019interconnaissance et la copr\u00e9sence dans un m\u00eame lieu. En effet, la constitution d\u2019un terrain d’enqu\u00eate sociologique ou anthropologique passe encore pour beaucoup d\u2019entre nous par une immersion longue dans un milieu social, par un recueil au plus pr\u00e8s des pratiques et des mani\u00e8res de faire, de juger, de penser, d\u2019accomplir activit\u00e9s, missions et t\u00e2ches. Cette pratique se base fondamentalement sur un progressif \u00e9tablissement de relations de confiance et de partage avec les acteurs sociaux. Un souci r\u00e9flexif toujours plus affut\u00e9 s\u2019est d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 dans les sciences sociales pour rendre compte de ce processus d\u2019enqu\u00eate au plus pr\u00e8s<\/em>. D’autres disciplines, comme l’Egyptologie ou l’Arch\u00e9ologie sont \u00e9galement intrins\u00e8quement habit\u00e9es par les enjeux de la distance, voire de la mise \u00e0 distance. Leurs chercheurs doivent sans rel\u00e2che penser leurs travaux en prenant au s\u00e9rieux le contexte notamment administratif, bureaucratique et politique, afin de mettre tout en \u0153uvre pour \u00ab ouvrir \u00bb leurs terrains et leurs champs de fouille. Dans quelle situation se trouvent-ils aujourd’hui ? Comment r\u00e9fl\u00e9chissent-ils \u00e0 cette question de l’\u00e9tude \u00e0 distance ?<\/p>\nCette mani\u00e8re d’enqu\u00eater au plus pr\u00e8s<\/em> pour aussi constitutive qu’elle soit de nos disciplines s’est d\u00e9j\u00e0 trouv\u00e9e questionn\u00e9e notamment par Mead et M\u00e9traux dans \u00ab The Study of Culture at a Distance \u00bb (1953). Etudier des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s \u00e9teintes (ou en voie d’extinction), enqu\u00eater en temps de guerre, ou simplement rejoindre des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s compl\u00e8tement inaccessibles posaient d\u00e9j\u00e0 de s\u00e9rieux probl\u00e8mes m\u00e9thodologiques aux anthropologues culturels de l’\u00e9poque. Quand l’observation directe et la longue immersion ne sont pas possibles, comment faire ? M\u00eame si les pistes th\u00e9oriques offertes pour \u00e9tudier la culture via l’attention port\u00e9e aux caract\u00e9ristiques psychologiques des peuples par Mead et M\u00e9traux et leur groupe de recherche se sont vues critiquer par la suite (Wallace, 1954), il n’en reste pas moins que la discussion sur le recrutement des \u00ab informants \u00bb, sur l’usage des images, l’\u00e9tude de documents, de films, d’\u0153uvres d’art, de jeux de soci\u00e9t\u00e9, nous donne \u00e0 voir une prolifique cr\u00e9ativit\u00e9. Mead et M\u00e9traux avaient \u00e9galement l’intime conviction que de telles discussions m\u00e9thodologiques allaient \u00eatre certainement reprises \u00e0 nouveau frais dans les d\u00e9cennies \u00e0 venir : \u00ab However this may be, it is certain that for the rest of the 20th century we shall be dealing with types of change that are so rapid and so revolutionary that we shall be in continual need of methods for reconstructing the cultures of a quarter of a century or even ten years<\/em>\u00ab . (p.3)<\/p>\nCes lignes de Mead et M\u00e9traux r\u00e9sonnent \u00e0 nos oreilles 70 ans plus tard. En effet, il nous semble que nos processus d\u2019enqu\u00eate se trouvent bouscul\u00e9s par plusieurs ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes, certains connus et d’autres \u00e9mergents. Tous sont plus ou moins directement reli\u00e9s \u00e0 la question des acc\u00e8s aux terrains d’enqu\u00eate que le\/la chercheur\/se forge et \u00e0 l’actualisation contextuelle de cette question : i) Ainsi dans un premier groupe, on pourrait placer les difficult\u00e9s d’acc\u00e8s physique dans la dur\u00e9e \u00e0 la vie de certaines organisations ou ar\u00e8nes de n\u00e9gociations collectives et la mise \u00e0 distance fr\u00e9quente des chercheur.euses en sciences sociales. Il ne s’agit pas l\u00e0 d’un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne nouveau. Il a donn\u00e9 lieu \u00e0 l’expression de toutes sortes de strat\u00e9gies pour contourner ces difficult\u00e9s ; ii) Dans un second groupe, on peut trouver les d\u00e9fis m\u00e9thodologiques que pose l’\u00e9tude des nombreuses pratiques sociales \u00e0 distance qui se sont d\u00e9j\u00e0 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es au c\u0153ur des institutions et des organisations avec le d\u00e9veloppement du t\u00e9l\u00e9travail, ou de l’enseignement \u00e0 distance en formation continue (McKee, 1999) par exemple, ou encore les loisirs en ligne : les \u00e9tudier en prenant en compte leur d\u00e9ploiement \u00e0 distance r\u00e9clamait d\u00e9j\u00e0 des ajustements m\u00e9thodologiques, sur lesquels nous revenons un peu plus bas ; iii) D’autres sont plus r\u00e9cents et parfois spectaculaires : le basculement de nombre d\u2019organisations dans un fonctionnement en ligne, le passage au t\u00e9l\u00e9travail parfois massif, \u00e0 la tenue de visioconf\u00e9rences permanentes ont partiellement virtualis\u00e9 le fonctionnement d\u2019institutions aussi centrales que l\u2019\u00c9cole, l’Universit\u00e9, la Diplomatie \u00ad- dans les ar\u00e8nes des organisations onusiennes au c\u0153ur des n\u00e9gociations internationales, on parle de \u00ab Zoomplomacy \u00bb, pour qualifier ce basculement vers une forme virtuelle de fonctionnement \u00ad- ou m\u00eame l\u2019\u00c9glise.<\/p>\nConcr\u00e8tement, comment allons-nous faire pour \u00e9tudier les toutes nouvelles dynamiques d\u2019action collective des milieux d’interconnaissance et de travail, qui se d\u00e9roulent d\u00e9sormais \u00e0 distance ? Est-ce qu’il sera suffisant, en imaginant que cela soit possible, de disposer des invitations Zoom, Webex ou Teams et de se glisser en \u00ab observateur \u00bb dans les petites lucarnes ? Ce n\u2019est pas impossible d’obtenir de tels acc\u00e8s, mais on sent bien que la mise \u00e0 distance risque de se renforcer et de devenir la norme. Si l\u2019embedding <\/em>semblait fournir les conditions d’un acc\u00e8s et d\u2019un maintien sur le terrain dans le cadre d’organisations tr\u00e8s d\u00e9fensives (Bourrier, 2010, 2013 ; Kimber, 2020), peut-on imaginer d\u00e9velopper une pratique du \u00ab e-embedding \u00bb ? C\u2019est-\u00e0-dire \u00e9laborer une forme de pratique du miroir pour le ou la chercheur.se : si les acteurs sociaux travaillent depuis leur domicile, le chercheur ne devrait-il pas en faire autant ? Dans la mesure o\u00f9 les acteurs op\u00e8rent \u00e0 distance, il n’y a plus lieu de chercher \u00e0 les observer in situ<\/em>, ou plut\u00f4t le in situ<\/em> devient en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 leur salle de r\u00e9union virtuelle, en permanence ouverte. Quelles seraient alors les conditions d\u2019un e-embedding <\/em>et comment devrions-nous le n\u00e9gocier ?<\/p>\nLes chercheurs et les chercheuses ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chi \u00e0 des m\u00e9thodes alternatives, permettant de capter par d\u2019autres moyens les pratiques sociales. Comme on l’a rappel\u00e9 plus haut, les guerres mondiales du pass\u00e9 ou les conflits qui frappent de nombreux pays compliquent depuis longtemps le travail des anthropologues, des ethnologues et des sociologues. Quoi de neuf, pourrait-on dire ? Cela fait plus de 10 ans qu\u2019il existe une litt\u00e9rature pesant le pour et le contre de la recherche \u00ab en ligne \u00bb (Fielding et al., 2008), et de l\u2019ethnographie dite \u00ab virtuelle \u00bb plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment, dans laquelle s\u2019inscrit typiquement la conduite des entretiens par visioconf\u00e9rence (Johnson et al, 2019 ; Seitz, 2016 ; Janghorban et al.<\/em>, 2014), mais aussi l\u2019analyse de documents par le biais du bureau dit \u00ab virtuel \u00bb (Crichton & Kinash 2003). Si le langage corporel et tous les vagabondages qu\u2019une conversation en face \u00e0 face permet de capter manquent cruellement dans un entretien en visioconf\u00e9rence, il appara\u00eet que d\u2019autres b\u00e9n\u00e9fices peuvent aussi contrebalancer ces manques : la personne est disponible, souvent \u00e0 son domicile \u2013 mais pas uniquement \u2013 , elle n\u2019est pas interrompue par ses coll\u00e8gues \u2013 mais le sera peut-\u00eatre par ses enfants \u2013, elle est concentr\u00e9e sur les questions de l\u2019interviewer \u2013 en partie d’ailleurs car le dispositif technique n’est pas toujours tr\u00e8s robuste et que le son ou l’image vacillent. Ces entretiens via visioconf\u00e9rence permettent aussi de rencontrer des personnes, localis\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger qu\u2019il n\u2019est pas facile de joindre \u00e0 leurs bureaux du fait du d\u00e9calage horaire ou \u00e9loign\u00e9es g\u00e9ographiquement tout simplement des chercheur.ses.<\/p>\nCertains travaux autour des pratiques digitales notamment (Hine, 2015) et\/ou favorisant des collectes hybrides ou mixtes montrent d\u00e9j\u00e0\u0300 la voie. \u00c0 cet \u00e9gard, les travaux issus des digital ethnographies <\/em>o\u00f9 les chercheurs s’engagent avec des personnes en ligne, interviewent les utilisateurs de technologies ou demandent \u00e0 ces derniers de prendre des images qu’ils publient en ligne repr\u00e9sentent peut-\u00eatre une voie palliative praticable pour de nombreuses collectes (Pink 2016). De m\u00eame, l\u2019observation de pratiques en ligne (Baym, 2000) ou l\u2019utilisation de donn\u00e9es de masse c\u00e9d\u00e9es par des op\u00e9rateurs et rendues totalement anonymes (Cf. par exemple l\u2019utilisation des donn\u00e9es de masse de Meetic<\/em> par Marie Bergstr\u00f6m, 2019), pourraient venir enrichir consid\u00e9rablement le portfolio des m\u00e9thodes immersives plus traditionnelles.<\/p>\nDans la mesure o\u00f9 de nombreuses pratiques sociales se d\u00e9roulent majoritairement en ligne, comment \u00e9tablir les bases m\u00e9thodologiques pour monter des enqu\u00eates techniquement faisables, scientifiquement solides, socialement accept\u00e9es et \u00e9thiquement valides ? D\u00e9sormais, de nombreux chercheur.ses consid\u00e8rent que les \u00e9changes en ligne constituent en eux-m\u00eames les terrains d\u2019enqu\u00eate, et que c\u2019est donc au travers de m\u00e9thodologies d\u2019observation et d\u2019\u00e9change en ligne qu\u2019ils convient de les explorer. Mais que se passe-t-il quand ce sont des pans entiers de la vie sociale (l\u2019\u00e9cole, le travail, le sport, la pratique religieuse….) qui basculent en ligne ? Cela engage-t-il un nouvel agenda de recherche s\u2019int\u00e9ressant de mani\u00e8re privil\u00e9gi\u00e9e aux pratiques de toutes natures sur internet ? Par ailleurs, un basculement en ligne de la recherche pousse-t-il \u00e0 repenser la d\u00e9ontologie-m\u00eame du m\u00e9tier de chercheur en sciences sociales ? Sachant que dans certains pays, les questions d\u00e9ontologiques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 collectivement prises en consid\u00e9ration par les chercheurs, les universit\u00e9s et les organismes financeurs, par la r\u00e9daction de codes \u00e9thiques sur lesquels s\u2019appuient des instances de contr\u00f4le (B\u00e9liard et Eideliman, 2008), l\u2019adaptation de certaines pratiques appelle-t-elle \u00e0 collectivement repenser les codes \u00e9thiques\u00a0pour les activit\u00e9s en ligne (Tene et Polonetsky, 2016) ?<\/p>\nDe surcroit, ces pratiques d\u2019interview \u00e0 distance par exemple se sont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es dans un double contexte de r\u00e9duction et\/ou d\u2019optimisation des frais de collecte de donn\u00e9es et de sensibilisation dans les institutions acad\u00e9miques \u00e0 l\u2019empreinte carbone de la recherche, ce qui inclut les voyages, les conf\u00e9rences \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger ainsi que la r\u00e9alisation des terrains d\u2019enqu\u00eate et des campagnes d\u2019entretiens ou d\u2019observation par exemple. Ce contexte pr\u00e9existe \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie et il y a fort \u00e0 parier que les pr\u00e9occupations environnementales et la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de conduire une grande partie du travail de terrain \u00e0 distance vont perdurer. La mise au point de pratiques de recherche durables constitue un point de discussion saillante dans les laboratoires, centres et d\u00e9partements acad\u00e9miques.<\/p>\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la technologie pourrait-il v\u00e9ritablement constituer une voie possible et \u00e0 quelles conditions ? Si l\u2019on voit bien comment l\u2019entretien peut facilement basculer d’un mode en face \u00e0 face \u00e0 un mode \u00e0 distance (ce qui n\u2019est pas sans poser de questions mais on le fait d\u00e9j\u00e0), l\u2019observation des pratiques dans leur milieu naturel d\u2019occurrence est rendue beaucoup plus difficile sans mettre \u00e0 mal le projet scientifique m\u00eame d\u2019une ethnographie. Par exemple, on ne saura plus rien des interactions spontan\u00e9es entre les acteurs, ce qui est toujours une source importante de donn\u00e9es. La distance du chercheur par rapport \u00e0 son objet est en elle-m\u00eame une question tr\u00e8s travaill\u00e9e, mais il s\u2019agit d\u2019autre chose ici, il s’agit d\u2019une distance technologiquement construite. Car comment faire pour maintenir l\u2019essence m\u00eame de notre travail d\u2019enqu\u00eate, qui est de comprendre et de rester au plus pr\u00e8s de la mani\u00e8re dont les acteurs sociaux produisent et s\u2019arrangent des conditions dans lesquelles ils se trouvent si nous sommes emp\u00each\u00e9s de demeurer aupr\u00e8s d\u2019eux ? Quelles adaptations doivent \u00eatre entreprises ? Les historiens ont \u00e9t\u00e9 amen\u00e9s par exemple \u00e0 d\u00e9laisser le papier pour des formes dites \u00ab num\u00e9riques \u00bb, qui transforment les fa\u00e7ons de proc\u00e9der des chercheurs autant que l\u2019\u00e9tude de leurs mani\u00e8res de faire (Roustan, 2016).L\u2019enqu\u00eate \u00e0 distance repr\u00e9sente-t-elle, alors, une nouvelle \u00e9tape de \u00ab rapatriation \u00bb pour l\u2019anthropologue (Kilani, 1987), cette fois au plus pr\u00e8s de la vie sur \u00e9cran, puisque c\u2019est d\u00e9sormais l\u00e0 que nos probl\u00e9matiques de recherche doivent s\u2019appr\u00e9hender\u00a0ou est-elle un d\u00e9fi peut-\u00eatre momentan\u00e9, li\u00e9 \u00e0 un certain contexte, que l\u2019anthropologie et la sociologie doivent \u00eatre capables de surmonter ? En tout cas elle repose, aux sciences sociales, les questions du lointain, du d\u00e9tour ou de la comparaison internationale.<\/p>\nA travers cet appel, nous recherchons la soumission de textes, adoss\u00e9s \u00e0 des exp\u00e9riences de terrain, m\u00eame contrari\u00e9es, qui reviennent sur la question de l\u2019enrichissement des collectes, sur des alternatives aux collectes plus traditionnelles et sur les dilemmes que l\u2019enqu\u00eate \u00e0 distance ne manque pas de poser. Ainsi, on pourra s’interroger sur un apparent paradoxe : tandis que l’on est contraint d’enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance, on se retrouve aussi plong\u00e9 davantage dans l’intimit\u00e9 de nos interlocuteurs\/trices par le biais des (nouvelles) technologies de communication. La porosit\u00e9 entre les temps de travail et les temps personnels ou familiaux a d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 abord\u00e9 \u00e0 la faveur des premi\u00e8res enqu\u00eates sur le t\u00e9l\u00e9travail dans les ann\u00e9es 1990 et 2000 (Metzger & Cleach, 2004 ; Belton & de Coninck, 2007 ; Broadbent, 2016). Aujourd’hui cette porosit\u00e9 s’expose au plein jour des cam\u00e9ras des ordinateurs. Dans le m\u00eame temps, malgr\u00e9 cette nouvelle proximit\u00e9 avec nos interlocuteurs\/trices, ne court-on pas le risque d’un progressif aveuglement et d’une perte de connaissances sur les dynamiques ancr\u00e9es des mondes sociaux. Pour autant, il nous appara\u00eet que dans la mesure o\u00f9 le d\u00e9ploiement des pratiques en ligne est d\u00e9sormais sans fin, d\u00e9velopper de nouvelles m\u00e9thodologies d’enqu\u00eate repr\u00e9sente un d\u00e9fi \u00e0 relever. La virtualisation de la recherche de terrain est en route, comment faire pour qu\u2019elle ne signe pas le retour de la recherche en chambre, dans ce \u00ab cabinet \u00bb autrefois d\u00e9sert\u00e9 par Malinowski ? Comment maintenir la possibilit\u00e9\u0301 d\u2019un regard en pr\u00e9sence, aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s et avec les acteurs sociaux ?<\/p>\nModalit\u00e9s de soumission<\/h2>\nUne intention argument\u00e9e d\u2019environ 5\u00a0000 signes<\/strong> est attendue pour le 28 f\u00e9vrier 2021<\/strong>.<\/p>\nElle pr\u00e9cisera l\u2019objet et le questionnement de recherche, les donn\u00e9es et la m\u00e9thodologie mobilis\u00e9es, comme les enseignements tir\u00e9s, afin de faciliter le travail d\u2019arbitrage.<\/p>\nElle doit \u00eatre adress\u00e9e aux deux coordinatrices du num\u00e9ro : Mathilde.Bourrier@unige.ch<\/a> et Leah.Kimber@unige.ch<\/a><\/p>\nLa notification des propositions pr\u00e9-s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9es sera donn\u00e9e aux auteurs\u00a0mi mars. La remise des textes r\u00e9dig\u00e9s (entre 25\u00a0000 et 35\u00a0000 signes) est fix\u00e9e au\u00a030 mai 2021. La V2 apr\u00e8s \u00e9valuation des articles en double aveugle<\/strong> est attendue pour le 1 octobre 2021.<\/p>\nLa parution du num\u00e9ro\u00a044 \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb aura lieu d\u00e9but 2022.<\/p>\nBibliographie<\/h2>\nBaym, N. (2000). Tune in, Log on : Soaps, Fandom, and Online Community<\/em>. Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage.<\/p>\nBergstr\u00f6m, M. (2019). Les nouvelles lois de l’amour : sexualit\u00e9\u0301, couple et rencontres au temps du num\u00e9rique<\/em>. Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nB\u00e9liard, A. &\u00a0Eideliman, J. (2008). 6 : Au-del\u00e0 de la d\u00e9ontologie : Anonymat et confidentialit\u00e9 dans le travail ethnographique. Dans : Alban Bensa \u00e9d.,\u00a0Les politiques de l’enqu\u00eate<\/em>\u00a0(pp. 123-141). Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nBelton, L., & De Coninck, F. (2007). Des fronti\u00e8res et des liens. R\u00e9seaux<\/em>, (1), 67-100.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2010). Pour une sociologie \u00ab embarqu\u00e9e \u00bb des univers \u00e0 risque ? Tsantsa,<\/em> Revue de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9\u0301 suisse d’Ethnologie<\/em>, (15), 28-37.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2013). Embarquements. Socio-anthropologie<\/em> (dossier \u201cEmbarqu\u00e9s\u201d, dirig\u00e9 par G\u00e9rard Dubey), vol. 27, 21-34.<\/p>\nBroadbent, S. (2016). Intimacy at work : How digital media bring private life to the workplace<\/em> (Vol. 2). Routledge.<\/p>\nCrichton, S. and S. Kinash (2003). \u00ab Virtual ethnography : Interactive interviewing online as method. \u00bb Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology<\/em>\/La revue canadienne de l\u2019apprentissage et de la technologie <\/em>29(2).<\/p>\nFielding, N. G., Lee, R. M., & Blank, G. (Eds.). (2008).\u00a0The SAGE handbook of online research methods<\/em>. Sage.<\/p>\nHine, C. (2015). Ethnography for the internet : Embedded, embodied and everyday<\/em>. Bloomsbury Publishing.<\/p>\nJanghorban, R., Roudsari, R. L., & Taghipour, A. (2014). Skype interviewing : The new generation of online synchronous interview in qualitative research. Int. journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being<\/em>, 9<\/em>(1), 24152.<\/p>\nJohnson, D. R., Scheitle, C. P., & Ecklund, E. H. (2019). Beyond the In-Person Interview ? How Interview Quality Varies Across In-person, Telephone, and Skype Interviews. Social Science Computer Review<\/em>, 0894439319893612.<\/p>\nKilani, M. (1987). L’anthropologie de terrain et le terrain de l’anthropologie. Observation, description et textualisation en anthropologie. R\u00e9seaux. Communication-Technologie-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, 5<\/em>(27), 39-78.<\/p>\nKimber, L. (2020). The Architecture of Exclusion at the United Nations : Analyzing the Inclusion of the Women\u2019s Group in the Negotiations of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/em>. PhD, University of Geneva.<\/p>\nMcKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sfsic.org\/en\/aac-publication\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.sfsic.org\/en\/aac-publication\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"SFSIC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Axelle Martin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Axelle Martin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d3606993477708f4359fb9aeda58df3b\"},\"headline\":\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":3158,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"Anthropologie\",\"M\u00e9thodologie\",\"Pand\u00e9mie\"],\"articleSection\":[\"AAC Publications\",\"Article\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\",\"name\":\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\",\"description\":\"La revue \\\"Socio-Anthropologie\\\" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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\n\t\t\t\t\tType de r\u00e9ponse<\/span><\/span> R\u00e9sum\u00e9<\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tType de contribution attendue<\/span><\/span> Article<\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNom de la publication<\/span><\/span> Socio-Anthropologie<\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nCoordinateurs<\/h3>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMathilde<\/span> Bourrier<\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t, mathilde.bourrier@unige.ch<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLeah<\/span> Kimber<\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t, leah.kimber@unige.ch<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n\nContacts<\/h3>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMathilde Bourrier<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMathilde.Bourrier@unige.ch<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLeah Kimber<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLeah.Kimber@unige.ch<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n\nSites internet de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence<\/h3>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSite internet de la revue<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\nArgumentaire<\/h2>\nLa situation que nous vivons, dans le contexte de la pand\u00e9mie COVID-19, nous a conduit \u00e0\u0300 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir \u00e0 ce dossier th\u00e9matique. Il fournit le pr\u00e9texte, mais n\u2019en constitue pas la mati\u00e8re. La crise plan\u00e9taire qui traverse pays, r\u00e9gions, villes, communaut\u00e9s, institutions et organisations de toutes natures offre sans aucun doute des possibilit\u00e9s in\u00e9puisables de questionnements sociologiques et anthropologiques. Elle renouv\u00e8le des questions constitutives des sciences sociales, comme celles des in\u00e9galit\u00e9s, des dimensions sociales des \u00e9pid\u00e9mies, de l\u2019allocation des ressources, ou de la mondialisation des \u00e9changes, etc. Cependant, c\u2019est au versant plus m\u00e9thodologique de notre pratique de sciences sociales que ce dossier voudrait se consacrer.<\/p>\nIntitul\u00e9 \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb, ce num\u00e9ro souhaite rassembler des contributions sur la mani\u00e8re dont un certain nombre de tendances, de contraintes et d’injonctions \u2013 et donc pas uniquement li\u00e9 \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie \u2013 interroge les m\u00e9thodologies plus traditionnelles de recueil de donn\u00e9es, bas\u00e9es sur le temps long, l\u2019immersion, l’observation directe, les discussions gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l\u2019interconnaissance et la copr\u00e9sence dans un m\u00eame lieu. En effet, la constitution d\u2019un terrain d’enqu\u00eate sociologique ou anthropologique passe encore pour beaucoup d\u2019entre nous par une immersion longue dans un milieu social, par un recueil au plus pr\u00e8s des pratiques et des mani\u00e8res de faire, de juger, de penser, d\u2019accomplir activit\u00e9s, missions et t\u00e2ches. Cette pratique se base fondamentalement sur un progressif \u00e9tablissement de relations de confiance et de partage avec les acteurs sociaux. Un souci r\u00e9flexif toujours plus affut\u00e9 s\u2019est d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 dans les sciences sociales pour rendre compte de ce processus d\u2019enqu\u00eate au plus pr\u00e8s<\/em>. D’autres disciplines, comme l’Egyptologie ou l’Arch\u00e9ologie sont \u00e9galement intrins\u00e8quement habit\u00e9es par les enjeux de la distance, voire de la mise \u00e0 distance. Leurs chercheurs doivent sans rel\u00e2che penser leurs travaux en prenant au s\u00e9rieux le contexte notamment administratif, bureaucratique et politique, afin de mettre tout en \u0153uvre pour \u00ab ouvrir \u00bb leurs terrains et leurs champs de fouille. Dans quelle situation se trouvent-ils aujourd’hui ? Comment r\u00e9fl\u00e9chissent-ils \u00e0 cette question de l’\u00e9tude \u00e0 distance ?<\/p>\nCette mani\u00e8re d’enqu\u00eater au plus pr\u00e8s<\/em> pour aussi constitutive qu’elle soit de nos disciplines s’est d\u00e9j\u00e0 trouv\u00e9e questionn\u00e9e notamment par Mead et M\u00e9traux dans \u00ab The Study of Culture at a Distance \u00bb (1953). Etudier des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s \u00e9teintes (ou en voie d’extinction), enqu\u00eater en temps de guerre, ou simplement rejoindre des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s compl\u00e8tement inaccessibles posaient d\u00e9j\u00e0 de s\u00e9rieux probl\u00e8mes m\u00e9thodologiques aux anthropologues culturels de l’\u00e9poque. Quand l’observation directe et la longue immersion ne sont pas possibles, comment faire ? M\u00eame si les pistes th\u00e9oriques offertes pour \u00e9tudier la culture via l’attention port\u00e9e aux caract\u00e9ristiques psychologiques des peuples par Mead et M\u00e9traux et leur groupe de recherche se sont vues critiquer par la suite (Wallace, 1954), il n’en reste pas moins que la discussion sur le recrutement des \u00ab informants \u00bb, sur l’usage des images, l’\u00e9tude de documents, de films, d’\u0153uvres d’art, de jeux de soci\u00e9t\u00e9, nous donne \u00e0 voir une prolifique cr\u00e9ativit\u00e9. Mead et M\u00e9traux avaient \u00e9galement l’intime conviction que de telles discussions m\u00e9thodologiques allaient \u00eatre certainement reprises \u00e0 nouveau frais dans les d\u00e9cennies \u00e0 venir : \u00ab However this may be, it is certain that for the rest of the 20th century we shall be dealing with types of change that are so rapid and so revolutionary that we shall be in continual need of methods for reconstructing the cultures of a quarter of a century or even ten years<\/em>\u00ab . (p.3)<\/p>\nCes lignes de Mead et M\u00e9traux r\u00e9sonnent \u00e0 nos oreilles 70 ans plus tard. En effet, il nous semble que nos processus d\u2019enqu\u00eate se trouvent bouscul\u00e9s par plusieurs ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes, certains connus et d’autres \u00e9mergents. Tous sont plus ou moins directement reli\u00e9s \u00e0 la question des acc\u00e8s aux terrains d’enqu\u00eate que le\/la chercheur\/se forge et \u00e0 l’actualisation contextuelle de cette question : i) Ainsi dans un premier groupe, on pourrait placer les difficult\u00e9s d’acc\u00e8s physique dans la dur\u00e9e \u00e0 la vie de certaines organisations ou ar\u00e8nes de n\u00e9gociations collectives et la mise \u00e0 distance fr\u00e9quente des chercheur.euses en sciences sociales. Il ne s’agit pas l\u00e0 d’un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne nouveau. Il a donn\u00e9 lieu \u00e0 l’expression de toutes sortes de strat\u00e9gies pour contourner ces difficult\u00e9s ; ii) Dans un second groupe, on peut trouver les d\u00e9fis m\u00e9thodologiques que pose l’\u00e9tude des nombreuses pratiques sociales \u00e0 distance qui se sont d\u00e9j\u00e0 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es au c\u0153ur des institutions et des organisations avec le d\u00e9veloppement du t\u00e9l\u00e9travail, ou de l’enseignement \u00e0 distance en formation continue (McKee, 1999) par exemple, ou encore les loisirs en ligne : les \u00e9tudier en prenant en compte leur d\u00e9ploiement \u00e0 distance r\u00e9clamait d\u00e9j\u00e0 des ajustements m\u00e9thodologiques, sur lesquels nous revenons un peu plus bas ; iii) D’autres sont plus r\u00e9cents et parfois spectaculaires : le basculement de nombre d\u2019organisations dans un fonctionnement en ligne, le passage au t\u00e9l\u00e9travail parfois massif, \u00e0 la tenue de visioconf\u00e9rences permanentes ont partiellement virtualis\u00e9 le fonctionnement d\u2019institutions aussi centrales que l\u2019\u00c9cole, l’Universit\u00e9, la Diplomatie \u00ad- dans les ar\u00e8nes des organisations onusiennes au c\u0153ur des n\u00e9gociations internationales, on parle de \u00ab Zoomplomacy \u00bb, pour qualifier ce basculement vers une forme virtuelle de fonctionnement \u00ad- ou m\u00eame l\u2019\u00c9glise.<\/p>\nConcr\u00e8tement, comment allons-nous faire pour \u00e9tudier les toutes nouvelles dynamiques d\u2019action collective des milieux d’interconnaissance et de travail, qui se d\u00e9roulent d\u00e9sormais \u00e0 distance ? Est-ce qu’il sera suffisant, en imaginant que cela soit possible, de disposer des invitations Zoom, Webex ou Teams et de se glisser en \u00ab observateur \u00bb dans les petites lucarnes ? Ce n\u2019est pas impossible d’obtenir de tels acc\u00e8s, mais on sent bien que la mise \u00e0 distance risque de se renforcer et de devenir la norme. Si l\u2019embedding <\/em>semblait fournir les conditions d’un acc\u00e8s et d\u2019un maintien sur le terrain dans le cadre d’organisations tr\u00e8s d\u00e9fensives (Bourrier, 2010, 2013 ; Kimber, 2020), peut-on imaginer d\u00e9velopper une pratique du \u00ab e-embedding \u00bb ? C\u2019est-\u00e0-dire \u00e9laborer une forme de pratique du miroir pour le ou la chercheur.se : si les acteurs sociaux travaillent depuis leur domicile, le chercheur ne devrait-il pas en faire autant ? Dans la mesure o\u00f9 les acteurs op\u00e8rent \u00e0 distance, il n’y a plus lieu de chercher \u00e0 les observer in situ<\/em>, ou plut\u00f4t le in situ<\/em> devient en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 leur salle de r\u00e9union virtuelle, en permanence ouverte. Quelles seraient alors les conditions d\u2019un e-embedding <\/em>et comment devrions-nous le n\u00e9gocier ?<\/p>\nLes chercheurs et les chercheuses ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chi \u00e0 des m\u00e9thodes alternatives, permettant de capter par d\u2019autres moyens les pratiques sociales. Comme on l’a rappel\u00e9 plus haut, les guerres mondiales du pass\u00e9 ou les conflits qui frappent de nombreux pays compliquent depuis longtemps le travail des anthropologues, des ethnologues et des sociologues. Quoi de neuf, pourrait-on dire ? Cela fait plus de 10 ans qu\u2019il existe une litt\u00e9rature pesant le pour et le contre de la recherche \u00ab en ligne \u00bb (Fielding et al., 2008), et de l\u2019ethnographie dite \u00ab virtuelle \u00bb plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment, dans laquelle s\u2019inscrit typiquement la conduite des entretiens par visioconf\u00e9rence (Johnson et al, 2019 ; Seitz, 2016 ; Janghorban et al.<\/em>, 2014), mais aussi l\u2019analyse de documents par le biais du bureau dit \u00ab virtuel \u00bb (Crichton & Kinash 2003). Si le langage corporel et tous les vagabondages qu\u2019une conversation en face \u00e0 face permet de capter manquent cruellement dans un entretien en visioconf\u00e9rence, il appara\u00eet que d\u2019autres b\u00e9n\u00e9fices peuvent aussi contrebalancer ces manques : la personne est disponible, souvent \u00e0 son domicile \u2013 mais pas uniquement \u2013 , elle n\u2019est pas interrompue par ses coll\u00e8gues \u2013 mais le sera peut-\u00eatre par ses enfants \u2013, elle est concentr\u00e9e sur les questions de l\u2019interviewer \u2013 en partie d’ailleurs car le dispositif technique n’est pas toujours tr\u00e8s robuste et que le son ou l’image vacillent. Ces entretiens via visioconf\u00e9rence permettent aussi de rencontrer des personnes, localis\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger qu\u2019il n\u2019est pas facile de joindre \u00e0 leurs bureaux du fait du d\u00e9calage horaire ou \u00e9loign\u00e9es g\u00e9ographiquement tout simplement des chercheur.ses.<\/p>\nCertains travaux autour des pratiques digitales notamment (Hine, 2015) et\/ou favorisant des collectes hybrides ou mixtes montrent d\u00e9j\u00e0\u0300 la voie. \u00c0 cet \u00e9gard, les travaux issus des digital ethnographies <\/em>o\u00f9 les chercheurs s’engagent avec des personnes en ligne, interviewent les utilisateurs de technologies ou demandent \u00e0 ces derniers de prendre des images qu’ils publient en ligne repr\u00e9sentent peut-\u00eatre une voie palliative praticable pour de nombreuses collectes (Pink 2016). De m\u00eame, l\u2019observation de pratiques en ligne (Baym, 2000) ou l\u2019utilisation de donn\u00e9es de masse c\u00e9d\u00e9es par des op\u00e9rateurs et rendues totalement anonymes (Cf. par exemple l\u2019utilisation des donn\u00e9es de masse de Meetic<\/em> par Marie Bergstr\u00f6m, 2019), pourraient venir enrichir consid\u00e9rablement le portfolio des m\u00e9thodes immersives plus traditionnelles.<\/p>\nDans la mesure o\u00f9 de nombreuses pratiques sociales se d\u00e9roulent majoritairement en ligne, comment \u00e9tablir les bases m\u00e9thodologiques pour monter des enqu\u00eates techniquement faisables, scientifiquement solides, socialement accept\u00e9es et \u00e9thiquement valides ? D\u00e9sormais, de nombreux chercheur.ses consid\u00e8rent que les \u00e9changes en ligne constituent en eux-m\u00eames les terrains d\u2019enqu\u00eate, et que c\u2019est donc au travers de m\u00e9thodologies d\u2019observation et d\u2019\u00e9change en ligne qu\u2019ils convient de les explorer. Mais que se passe-t-il quand ce sont des pans entiers de la vie sociale (l\u2019\u00e9cole, le travail, le sport, la pratique religieuse….) qui basculent en ligne ? Cela engage-t-il un nouvel agenda de recherche s\u2019int\u00e9ressant de mani\u00e8re privil\u00e9gi\u00e9e aux pratiques de toutes natures sur internet ? Par ailleurs, un basculement en ligne de la recherche pousse-t-il \u00e0 repenser la d\u00e9ontologie-m\u00eame du m\u00e9tier de chercheur en sciences sociales ? Sachant que dans certains pays, les questions d\u00e9ontologiques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 collectivement prises en consid\u00e9ration par les chercheurs, les universit\u00e9s et les organismes financeurs, par la r\u00e9daction de codes \u00e9thiques sur lesquels s\u2019appuient des instances de contr\u00f4le (B\u00e9liard et Eideliman, 2008), l\u2019adaptation de certaines pratiques appelle-t-elle \u00e0 collectivement repenser les codes \u00e9thiques\u00a0pour les activit\u00e9s en ligne (Tene et Polonetsky, 2016) ?<\/p>\nDe surcroit, ces pratiques d\u2019interview \u00e0 distance par exemple se sont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es dans un double contexte de r\u00e9duction et\/ou d\u2019optimisation des frais de collecte de donn\u00e9es et de sensibilisation dans les institutions acad\u00e9miques \u00e0 l\u2019empreinte carbone de la recherche, ce qui inclut les voyages, les conf\u00e9rences \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger ainsi que la r\u00e9alisation des terrains d\u2019enqu\u00eate et des campagnes d\u2019entretiens ou d\u2019observation par exemple. Ce contexte pr\u00e9existe \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie et il y a fort \u00e0 parier que les pr\u00e9occupations environnementales et la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de conduire une grande partie du travail de terrain \u00e0 distance vont perdurer. La mise au point de pratiques de recherche durables constitue un point de discussion saillante dans les laboratoires, centres et d\u00e9partements acad\u00e9miques.<\/p>\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la technologie pourrait-il v\u00e9ritablement constituer une voie possible et \u00e0 quelles conditions ? Si l\u2019on voit bien comment l\u2019entretien peut facilement basculer d’un mode en face \u00e0 face \u00e0 un mode \u00e0 distance (ce qui n\u2019est pas sans poser de questions mais on le fait d\u00e9j\u00e0), l\u2019observation des pratiques dans leur milieu naturel d\u2019occurrence est rendue beaucoup plus difficile sans mettre \u00e0 mal le projet scientifique m\u00eame d\u2019une ethnographie. Par exemple, on ne saura plus rien des interactions spontan\u00e9es entre les acteurs, ce qui est toujours une source importante de donn\u00e9es. La distance du chercheur par rapport \u00e0 son objet est en elle-m\u00eame une question tr\u00e8s travaill\u00e9e, mais il s\u2019agit d\u2019autre chose ici, il s’agit d\u2019une distance technologiquement construite. Car comment faire pour maintenir l\u2019essence m\u00eame de notre travail d\u2019enqu\u00eate, qui est de comprendre et de rester au plus pr\u00e8s de la mani\u00e8re dont les acteurs sociaux produisent et s\u2019arrangent des conditions dans lesquelles ils se trouvent si nous sommes emp\u00each\u00e9s de demeurer aupr\u00e8s d\u2019eux ? Quelles adaptations doivent \u00eatre entreprises ? Les historiens ont \u00e9t\u00e9 amen\u00e9s par exemple \u00e0 d\u00e9laisser le papier pour des formes dites \u00ab num\u00e9riques \u00bb, qui transforment les fa\u00e7ons de proc\u00e9der des chercheurs autant que l\u2019\u00e9tude de leurs mani\u00e8res de faire (Roustan, 2016).L\u2019enqu\u00eate \u00e0 distance repr\u00e9sente-t-elle, alors, une nouvelle \u00e9tape de \u00ab rapatriation \u00bb pour l\u2019anthropologue (Kilani, 1987), cette fois au plus pr\u00e8s de la vie sur \u00e9cran, puisque c\u2019est d\u00e9sormais l\u00e0 que nos probl\u00e9matiques de recherche doivent s\u2019appr\u00e9hender\u00a0ou est-elle un d\u00e9fi peut-\u00eatre momentan\u00e9, li\u00e9 \u00e0 un certain contexte, que l\u2019anthropologie et la sociologie doivent \u00eatre capables de surmonter ? En tout cas elle repose, aux sciences sociales, les questions du lointain, du d\u00e9tour ou de la comparaison internationale.<\/p>\nA travers cet appel, nous recherchons la soumission de textes, adoss\u00e9s \u00e0 des exp\u00e9riences de terrain, m\u00eame contrari\u00e9es, qui reviennent sur la question de l\u2019enrichissement des collectes, sur des alternatives aux collectes plus traditionnelles et sur les dilemmes que l\u2019enqu\u00eate \u00e0 distance ne manque pas de poser. Ainsi, on pourra s’interroger sur un apparent paradoxe : tandis que l’on est contraint d’enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance, on se retrouve aussi plong\u00e9 davantage dans l’intimit\u00e9 de nos interlocuteurs\/trices par le biais des (nouvelles) technologies de communication. La porosit\u00e9 entre les temps de travail et les temps personnels ou familiaux a d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 abord\u00e9 \u00e0 la faveur des premi\u00e8res enqu\u00eates sur le t\u00e9l\u00e9travail dans les ann\u00e9es 1990 et 2000 (Metzger & Cleach, 2004 ; Belton & de Coninck, 2007 ; Broadbent, 2016). Aujourd’hui cette porosit\u00e9 s’expose au plein jour des cam\u00e9ras des ordinateurs. Dans le m\u00eame temps, malgr\u00e9 cette nouvelle proximit\u00e9 avec nos interlocuteurs\/trices, ne court-on pas le risque d’un progressif aveuglement et d’une perte de connaissances sur les dynamiques ancr\u00e9es des mondes sociaux. Pour autant, il nous appara\u00eet que dans la mesure o\u00f9 le d\u00e9ploiement des pratiques en ligne est d\u00e9sormais sans fin, d\u00e9velopper de nouvelles m\u00e9thodologies d’enqu\u00eate repr\u00e9sente un d\u00e9fi \u00e0 relever. La virtualisation de la recherche de terrain est en route, comment faire pour qu\u2019elle ne signe pas le retour de la recherche en chambre, dans ce \u00ab cabinet \u00bb autrefois d\u00e9sert\u00e9 par Malinowski ? Comment maintenir la possibilit\u00e9\u0301 d\u2019un regard en pr\u00e9sence, aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s et avec les acteurs sociaux ?<\/p>\nModalit\u00e9s de soumission<\/h2>\nUne intention argument\u00e9e d\u2019environ 5\u00a0000 signes<\/strong> est attendue pour le 28 f\u00e9vrier 2021<\/strong>.<\/p>\nElle pr\u00e9cisera l\u2019objet et le questionnement de recherche, les donn\u00e9es et la m\u00e9thodologie mobilis\u00e9es, comme les enseignements tir\u00e9s, afin de faciliter le travail d\u2019arbitrage.<\/p>\nElle doit \u00eatre adress\u00e9e aux deux coordinatrices du num\u00e9ro : Mathilde.Bourrier@unige.ch<\/a> et Leah.Kimber@unige.ch<\/a><\/p>\nLa notification des propositions pr\u00e9-s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9es sera donn\u00e9e aux auteurs\u00a0mi mars. La remise des textes r\u00e9dig\u00e9s (entre 25\u00a0000 et 35\u00a0000 signes) est fix\u00e9e au\u00a030 mai 2021. La V2 apr\u00e8s \u00e9valuation des articles en double aveugle<\/strong> est attendue pour le 1 octobre 2021.<\/p>\nLa parution du num\u00e9ro\u00a044 \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb aura lieu d\u00e9but 2022.<\/p>\nBibliographie<\/h2>\nBaym, N. (2000). Tune in, Log on : Soaps, Fandom, and Online Community<\/em>. Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage.<\/p>\nBergstr\u00f6m, M. (2019). Les nouvelles lois de l’amour : sexualit\u00e9\u0301, couple et rencontres au temps du num\u00e9rique<\/em>. Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nB\u00e9liard, A. &\u00a0Eideliman, J. (2008). 6 : Au-del\u00e0 de la d\u00e9ontologie : Anonymat et confidentialit\u00e9 dans le travail ethnographique. Dans : Alban Bensa \u00e9d.,\u00a0Les politiques de l’enqu\u00eate<\/em>\u00a0(pp. 123-141). Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nBelton, L., & De Coninck, F. (2007). Des fronti\u00e8res et des liens. R\u00e9seaux<\/em>, (1), 67-100.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2010). Pour une sociologie \u00ab embarqu\u00e9e \u00bb des univers \u00e0 risque ? Tsantsa,<\/em> Revue de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9\u0301 suisse d’Ethnologie<\/em>, (15), 28-37.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2013). Embarquements. Socio-anthropologie<\/em> (dossier \u201cEmbarqu\u00e9s\u201d, dirig\u00e9 par G\u00e9rard Dubey), vol. 27, 21-34.<\/p>\nBroadbent, S. (2016). Intimacy at work : How digital media bring private life to the workplace<\/em> (Vol. 2). Routledge.<\/p>\nCrichton, S. and S. Kinash (2003). \u00ab Virtual ethnography : Interactive interviewing online as method. \u00bb Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology<\/em>\/La revue canadienne de l\u2019apprentissage et de la technologie <\/em>29(2).<\/p>\nFielding, N. G., Lee, R. M., & Blank, G. (Eds.). (2008).\u00a0The SAGE handbook of online research methods<\/em>. Sage.<\/p>\nHine, C. (2015). Ethnography for the internet : Embedded, embodied and everyday<\/em>. Bloomsbury Publishing.<\/p>\nJanghorban, R., Roudsari, R. L., & Taghipour, A. (2014). Skype interviewing : The new generation of online synchronous interview in qualitative research. Int. journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being<\/em>, 9<\/em>(1), 24152.<\/p>\nJohnson, D. R., Scheitle, C. P., & Ecklund, E. H. (2019). Beyond the In-Person Interview ? How Interview Quality Varies Across In-person, Telephone, and Skype Interviews. Social Science Computer Review<\/em>, 0894439319893612.<\/p>\nKilani, M. (1987). L’anthropologie de terrain et le terrain de l’anthropologie. Observation, description et textualisation en anthropologie. R\u00e9seaux. Communication-Technologie-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, 5<\/em>(27), 39-78.<\/p>\nKimber, L. (2020). The Architecture of Exclusion at the United Nations : Analyzing the Inclusion of the Women\u2019s Group in the Negotiations of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/em>. PhD, University of Geneva.<\/p>\nMcKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sfsic.org\/en\/aac-publication\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.sfsic.org\/en\/aac-publication\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"SFSIC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Axelle Martin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Axelle Martin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d3606993477708f4359fb9aeda58df3b\"},\"headline\":\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":3158,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"Anthropologie\",\"M\u00e9thodologie\",\"Pand\u00e9mie\"],\"articleSection\":[\"AAC Publications\",\"Article\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\",\"name\":\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\",\"description\":\"La revue \\\"Socio-Anthropologie\\\" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tType de contribution attendue<\/span><\/span> Article<\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNom de la publication<\/span><\/span> Socio-Anthropologie<\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nCoordinateurs<\/h3>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMathilde<\/span> Bourrier<\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t, mathilde.bourrier@unige.ch<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLeah<\/span> Kimber<\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t, leah.kimber@unige.ch<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n\nContacts<\/h3>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMathilde Bourrier<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMathilde.Bourrier@unige.ch<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLeah Kimber<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLeah.Kimber@unige.ch<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n\nSites internet de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence<\/h3>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSite internet de la revue<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\nArgumentaire<\/h2>\nLa situation que nous vivons, dans le contexte de la pand\u00e9mie COVID-19, nous a conduit \u00e0\u0300 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir \u00e0 ce dossier th\u00e9matique. Il fournit le pr\u00e9texte, mais n\u2019en constitue pas la mati\u00e8re. La crise plan\u00e9taire qui traverse pays, r\u00e9gions, villes, communaut\u00e9s, institutions et organisations de toutes natures offre sans aucun doute des possibilit\u00e9s in\u00e9puisables de questionnements sociologiques et anthropologiques. Elle renouv\u00e8le des questions constitutives des sciences sociales, comme celles des in\u00e9galit\u00e9s, des dimensions sociales des \u00e9pid\u00e9mies, de l\u2019allocation des ressources, ou de la mondialisation des \u00e9changes, etc. Cependant, c\u2019est au versant plus m\u00e9thodologique de notre pratique de sciences sociales que ce dossier voudrait se consacrer.<\/p>\nIntitul\u00e9 \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb, ce num\u00e9ro souhaite rassembler des contributions sur la mani\u00e8re dont un certain nombre de tendances, de contraintes et d’injonctions \u2013 et donc pas uniquement li\u00e9 \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie \u2013 interroge les m\u00e9thodologies plus traditionnelles de recueil de donn\u00e9es, bas\u00e9es sur le temps long, l\u2019immersion, l’observation directe, les discussions gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l\u2019interconnaissance et la copr\u00e9sence dans un m\u00eame lieu. En effet, la constitution d\u2019un terrain d’enqu\u00eate sociologique ou anthropologique passe encore pour beaucoup d\u2019entre nous par une immersion longue dans un milieu social, par un recueil au plus pr\u00e8s des pratiques et des mani\u00e8res de faire, de juger, de penser, d\u2019accomplir activit\u00e9s, missions et t\u00e2ches. Cette pratique se base fondamentalement sur un progressif \u00e9tablissement de relations de confiance et de partage avec les acteurs sociaux. Un souci r\u00e9flexif toujours plus affut\u00e9 s\u2019est d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 dans les sciences sociales pour rendre compte de ce processus d\u2019enqu\u00eate au plus pr\u00e8s<\/em>. D’autres disciplines, comme l’Egyptologie ou l’Arch\u00e9ologie sont \u00e9galement intrins\u00e8quement habit\u00e9es par les enjeux de la distance, voire de la mise \u00e0 distance. Leurs chercheurs doivent sans rel\u00e2che penser leurs travaux en prenant au s\u00e9rieux le contexte notamment administratif, bureaucratique et politique, afin de mettre tout en \u0153uvre pour \u00ab ouvrir \u00bb leurs terrains et leurs champs de fouille. Dans quelle situation se trouvent-ils aujourd’hui ? Comment r\u00e9fl\u00e9chissent-ils \u00e0 cette question de l’\u00e9tude \u00e0 distance ?<\/p>\nCette mani\u00e8re d’enqu\u00eater au plus pr\u00e8s<\/em> pour aussi constitutive qu’elle soit de nos disciplines s’est d\u00e9j\u00e0 trouv\u00e9e questionn\u00e9e notamment par Mead et M\u00e9traux dans \u00ab The Study of Culture at a Distance \u00bb (1953). Etudier des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s \u00e9teintes (ou en voie d’extinction), enqu\u00eater en temps de guerre, ou simplement rejoindre des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s compl\u00e8tement inaccessibles posaient d\u00e9j\u00e0 de s\u00e9rieux probl\u00e8mes m\u00e9thodologiques aux anthropologues culturels de l’\u00e9poque. Quand l’observation directe et la longue immersion ne sont pas possibles, comment faire ? M\u00eame si les pistes th\u00e9oriques offertes pour \u00e9tudier la culture via l’attention port\u00e9e aux caract\u00e9ristiques psychologiques des peuples par Mead et M\u00e9traux et leur groupe de recherche se sont vues critiquer par la suite (Wallace, 1954), il n’en reste pas moins que la discussion sur le recrutement des \u00ab informants \u00bb, sur l’usage des images, l’\u00e9tude de documents, de films, d’\u0153uvres d’art, de jeux de soci\u00e9t\u00e9, nous donne \u00e0 voir une prolifique cr\u00e9ativit\u00e9. Mead et M\u00e9traux avaient \u00e9galement l’intime conviction que de telles discussions m\u00e9thodologiques allaient \u00eatre certainement reprises \u00e0 nouveau frais dans les d\u00e9cennies \u00e0 venir : \u00ab However this may be, it is certain that for the rest of the 20th century we shall be dealing with types of change that are so rapid and so revolutionary that we shall be in continual need of methods for reconstructing the cultures of a quarter of a century or even ten years<\/em>\u00ab . (p.3)<\/p>\nCes lignes de Mead et M\u00e9traux r\u00e9sonnent \u00e0 nos oreilles 70 ans plus tard. En effet, il nous semble que nos processus d\u2019enqu\u00eate se trouvent bouscul\u00e9s par plusieurs ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes, certains connus et d’autres \u00e9mergents. Tous sont plus ou moins directement reli\u00e9s \u00e0 la question des acc\u00e8s aux terrains d’enqu\u00eate que le\/la chercheur\/se forge et \u00e0 l’actualisation contextuelle de cette question : i) Ainsi dans un premier groupe, on pourrait placer les difficult\u00e9s d’acc\u00e8s physique dans la dur\u00e9e \u00e0 la vie de certaines organisations ou ar\u00e8nes de n\u00e9gociations collectives et la mise \u00e0 distance fr\u00e9quente des chercheur.euses en sciences sociales. Il ne s’agit pas l\u00e0 d’un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne nouveau. Il a donn\u00e9 lieu \u00e0 l’expression de toutes sortes de strat\u00e9gies pour contourner ces difficult\u00e9s ; ii) Dans un second groupe, on peut trouver les d\u00e9fis m\u00e9thodologiques que pose l’\u00e9tude des nombreuses pratiques sociales \u00e0 distance qui se sont d\u00e9j\u00e0 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es au c\u0153ur des institutions et des organisations avec le d\u00e9veloppement du t\u00e9l\u00e9travail, ou de l’enseignement \u00e0 distance en formation continue (McKee, 1999) par exemple, ou encore les loisirs en ligne : les \u00e9tudier en prenant en compte leur d\u00e9ploiement \u00e0 distance r\u00e9clamait d\u00e9j\u00e0 des ajustements m\u00e9thodologiques, sur lesquels nous revenons un peu plus bas ; iii) D’autres sont plus r\u00e9cents et parfois spectaculaires : le basculement de nombre d\u2019organisations dans un fonctionnement en ligne, le passage au t\u00e9l\u00e9travail parfois massif, \u00e0 la tenue de visioconf\u00e9rences permanentes ont partiellement virtualis\u00e9 le fonctionnement d\u2019institutions aussi centrales que l\u2019\u00c9cole, l’Universit\u00e9, la Diplomatie \u00ad- dans les ar\u00e8nes des organisations onusiennes au c\u0153ur des n\u00e9gociations internationales, on parle de \u00ab Zoomplomacy \u00bb, pour qualifier ce basculement vers une forme virtuelle de fonctionnement \u00ad- ou m\u00eame l\u2019\u00c9glise.<\/p>\nConcr\u00e8tement, comment allons-nous faire pour \u00e9tudier les toutes nouvelles dynamiques d\u2019action collective des milieux d’interconnaissance et de travail, qui se d\u00e9roulent d\u00e9sormais \u00e0 distance ? Est-ce qu’il sera suffisant, en imaginant que cela soit possible, de disposer des invitations Zoom, Webex ou Teams et de se glisser en \u00ab observateur \u00bb dans les petites lucarnes ? Ce n\u2019est pas impossible d’obtenir de tels acc\u00e8s, mais on sent bien que la mise \u00e0 distance risque de se renforcer et de devenir la norme. Si l\u2019embedding <\/em>semblait fournir les conditions d’un acc\u00e8s et d\u2019un maintien sur le terrain dans le cadre d’organisations tr\u00e8s d\u00e9fensives (Bourrier, 2010, 2013 ; Kimber, 2020), peut-on imaginer d\u00e9velopper une pratique du \u00ab e-embedding \u00bb ? C\u2019est-\u00e0-dire \u00e9laborer une forme de pratique du miroir pour le ou la chercheur.se : si les acteurs sociaux travaillent depuis leur domicile, le chercheur ne devrait-il pas en faire autant ? Dans la mesure o\u00f9 les acteurs op\u00e8rent \u00e0 distance, il n’y a plus lieu de chercher \u00e0 les observer in situ<\/em>, ou plut\u00f4t le in situ<\/em> devient en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 leur salle de r\u00e9union virtuelle, en permanence ouverte. Quelles seraient alors les conditions d\u2019un e-embedding <\/em>et comment devrions-nous le n\u00e9gocier ?<\/p>\nLes chercheurs et les chercheuses ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chi \u00e0 des m\u00e9thodes alternatives, permettant de capter par d\u2019autres moyens les pratiques sociales. Comme on l’a rappel\u00e9 plus haut, les guerres mondiales du pass\u00e9 ou les conflits qui frappent de nombreux pays compliquent depuis longtemps le travail des anthropologues, des ethnologues et des sociologues. Quoi de neuf, pourrait-on dire ? Cela fait plus de 10 ans qu\u2019il existe une litt\u00e9rature pesant le pour et le contre de la recherche \u00ab en ligne \u00bb (Fielding et al., 2008), et de l\u2019ethnographie dite \u00ab virtuelle \u00bb plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment, dans laquelle s\u2019inscrit typiquement la conduite des entretiens par visioconf\u00e9rence (Johnson et al, 2019 ; Seitz, 2016 ; Janghorban et al.<\/em>, 2014), mais aussi l\u2019analyse de documents par le biais du bureau dit \u00ab virtuel \u00bb (Crichton & Kinash 2003). Si le langage corporel et tous les vagabondages qu\u2019une conversation en face \u00e0 face permet de capter manquent cruellement dans un entretien en visioconf\u00e9rence, il appara\u00eet que d\u2019autres b\u00e9n\u00e9fices peuvent aussi contrebalancer ces manques : la personne est disponible, souvent \u00e0 son domicile \u2013 mais pas uniquement \u2013 , elle n\u2019est pas interrompue par ses coll\u00e8gues \u2013 mais le sera peut-\u00eatre par ses enfants \u2013, elle est concentr\u00e9e sur les questions de l\u2019interviewer \u2013 en partie d’ailleurs car le dispositif technique n’est pas toujours tr\u00e8s robuste et que le son ou l’image vacillent. Ces entretiens via visioconf\u00e9rence permettent aussi de rencontrer des personnes, localis\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger qu\u2019il n\u2019est pas facile de joindre \u00e0 leurs bureaux du fait du d\u00e9calage horaire ou \u00e9loign\u00e9es g\u00e9ographiquement tout simplement des chercheur.ses.<\/p>\nCertains travaux autour des pratiques digitales notamment (Hine, 2015) et\/ou favorisant des collectes hybrides ou mixtes montrent d\u00e9j\u00e0\u0300 la voie. \u00c0 cet \u00e9gard, les travaux issus des digital ethnographies <\/em>o\u00f9 les chercheurs s’engagent avec des personnes en ligne, interviewent les utilisateurs de technologies ou demandent \u00e0 ces derniers de prendre des images qu’ils publient en ligne repr\u00e9sentent peut-\u00eatre une voie palliative praticable pour de nombreuses collectes (Pink 2016). De m\u00eame, l\u2019observation de pratiques en ligne (Baym, 2000) ou l\u2019utilisation de donn\u00e9es de masse c\u00e9d\u00e9es par des op\u00e9rateurs et rendues totalement anonymes (Cf. par exemple l\u2019utilisation des donn\u00e9es de masse de Meetic<\/em> par Marie Bergstr\u00f6m, 2019), pourraient venir enrichir consid\u00e9rablement le portfolio des m\u00e9thodes immersives plus traditionnelles.<\/p>\nDans la mesure o\u00f9 de nombreuses pratiques sociales se d\u00e9roulent majoritairement en ligne, comment \u00e9tablir les bases m\u00e9thodologiques pour monter des enqu\u00eates techniquement faisables, scientifiquement solides, socialement accept\u00e9es et \u00e9thiquement valides ? D\u00e9sormais, de nombreux chercheur.ses consid\u00e8rent que les \u00e9changes en ligne constituent en eux-m\u00eames les terrains d\u2019enqu\u00eate, et que c\u2019est donc au travers de m\u00e9thodologies d\u2019observation et d\u2019\u00e9change en ligne qu\u2019ils convient de les explorer. Mais que se passe-t-il quand ce sont des pans entiers de la vie sociale (l\u2019\u00e9cole, le travail, le sport, la pratique religieuse….) qui basculent en ligne ? Cela engage-t-il un nouvel agenda de recherche s\u2019int\u00e9ressant de mani\u00e8re privil\u00e9gi\u00e9e aux pratiques de toutes natures sur internet ? Par ailleurs, un basculement en ligne de la recherche pousse-t-il \u00e0 repenser la d\u00e9ontologie-m\u00eame du m\u00e9tier de chercheur en sciences sociales ? Sachant que dans certains pays, les questions d\u00e9ontologiques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 collectivement prises en consid\u00e9ration par les chercheurs, les universit\u00e9s et les organismes financeurs, par la r\u00e9daction de codes \u00e9thiques sur lesquels s\u2019appuient des instances de contr\u00f4le (B\u00e9liard et Eideliman, 2008), l\u2019adaptation de certaines pratiques appelle-t-elle \u00e0 collectivement repenser les codes \u00e9thiques\u00a0pour les activit\u00e9s en ligne (Tene et Polonetsky, 2016) ?<\/p>\nDe surcroit, ces pratiques d\u2019interview \u00e0 distance par exemple se sont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es dans un double contexte de r\u00e9duction et\/ou d\u2019optimisation des frais de collecte de donn\u00e9es et de sensibilisation dans les institutions acad\u00e9miques \u00e0 l\u2019empreinte carbone de la recherche, ce qui inclut les voyages, les conf\u00e9rences \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger ainsi que la r\u00e9alisation des terrains d\u2019enqu\u00eate et des campagnes d\u2019entretiens ou d\u2019observation par exemple. Ce contexte pr\u00e9existe \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie et il y a fort \u00e0 parier que les pr\u00e9occupations environnementales et la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de conduire une grande partie du travail de terrain \u00e0 distance vont perdurer. La mise au point de pratiques de recherche durables constitue un point de discussion saillante dans les laboratoires, centres et d\u00e9partements acad\u00e9miques.<\/p>\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la technologie pourrait-il v\u00e9ritablement constituer une voie possible et \u00e0 quelles conditions ? Si l\u2019on voit bien comment l\u2019entretien peut facilement basculer d’un mode en face \u00e0 face \u00e0 un mode \u00e0 distance (ce qui n\u2019est pas sans poser de questions mais on le fait d\u00e9j\u00e0), l\u2019observation des pratiques dans leur milieu naturel d\u2019occurrence est rendue beaucoup plus difficile sans mettre \u00e0 mal le projet scientifique m\u00eame d\u2019une ethnographie. Par exemple, on ne saura plus rien des interactions spontan\u00e9es entre les acteurs, ce qui est toujours une source importante de donn\u00e9es. La distance du chercheur par rapport \u00e0 son objet est en elle-m\u00eame une question tr\u00e8s travaill\u00e9e, mais il s\u2019agit d\u2019autre chose ici, il s’agit d\u2019une distance technologiquement construite. Car comment faire pour maintenir l\u2019essence m\u00eame de notre travail d\u2019enqu\u00eate, qui est de comprendre et de rester au plus pr\u00e8s de la mani\u00e8re dont les acteurs sociaux produisent et s\u2019arrangent des conditions dans lesquelles ils se trouvent si nous sommes emp\u00each\u00e9s de demeurer aupr\u00e8s d\u2019eux ? Quelles adaptations doivent \u00eatre entreprises ? Les historiens ont \u00e9t\u00e9 amen\u00e9s par exemple \u00e0 d\u00e9laisser le papier pour des formes dites \u00ab num\u00e9riques \u00bb, qui transforment les fa\u00e7ons de proc\u00e9der des chercheurs autant que l\u2019\u00e9tude de leurs mani\u00e8res de faire (Roustan, 2016).L\u2019enqu\u00eate \u00e0 distance repr\u00e9sente-t-elle, alors, une nouvelle \u00e9tape de \u00ab rapatriation \u00bb pour l\u2019anthropologue (Kilani, 1987), cette fois au plus pr\u00e8s de la vie sur \u00e9cran, puisque c\u2019est d\u00e9sormais l\u00e0 que nos probl\u00e9matiques de recherche doivent s\u2019appr\u00e9hender\u00a0ou est-elle un d\u00e9fi peut-\u00eatre momentan\u00e9, li\u00e9 \u00e0 un certain contexte, que l\u2019anthropologie et la sociologie doivent \u00eatre capables de surmonter ? En tout cas elle repose, aux sciences sociales, les questions du lointain, du d\u00e9tour ou de la comparaison internationale.<\/p>\nA travers cet appel, nous recherchons la soumission de textes, adoss\u00e9s \u00e0 des exp\u00e9riences de terrain, m\u00eame contrari\u00e9es, qui reviennent sur la question de l\u2019enrichissement des collectes, sur des alternatives aux collectes plus traditionnelles et sur les dilemmes que l\u2019enqu\u00eate \u00e0 distance ne manque pas de poser. Ainsi, on pourra s’interroger sur un apparent paradoxe : tandis que l’on est contraint d’enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance, on se retrouve aussi plong\u00e9 davantage dans l’intimit\u00e9 de nos interlocuteurs\/trices par le biais des (nouvelles) technologies de communication. La porosit\u00e9 entre les temps de travail et les temps personnels ou familiaux a d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 abord\u00e9 \u00e0 la faveur des premi\u00e8res enqu\u00eates sur le t\u00e9l\u00e9travail dans les ann\u00e9es 1990 et 2000 (Metzger & Cleach, 2004 ; Belton & de Coninck, 2007 ; Broadbent, 2016). Aujourd’hui cette porosit\u00e9 s’expose au plein jour des cam\u00e9ras des ordinateurs. Dans le m\u00eame temps, malgr\u00e9 cette nouvelle proximit\u00e9 avec nos interlocuteurs\/trices, ne court-on pas le risque d’un progressif aveuglement et d’une perte de connaissances sur les dynamiques ancr\u00e9es des mondes sociaux. Pour autant, il nous appara\u00eet que dans la mesure o\u00f9 le d\u00e9ploiement des pratiques en ligne est d\u00e9sormais sans fin, d\u00e9velopper de nouvelles m\u00e9thodologies d’enqu\u00eate repr\u00e9sente un d\u00e9fi \u00e0 relever. La virtualisation de la recherche de terrain est en route, comment faire pour qu\u2019elle ne signe pas le retour de la recherche en chambre, dans ce \u00ab cabinet \u00bb autrefois d\u00e9sert\u00e9 par Malinowski ? Comment maintenir la possibilit\u00e9\u0301 d\u2019un regard en pr\u00e9sence, aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s et avec les acteurs sociaux ?<\/p>\nModalit\u00e9s de soumission<\/h2>\nUne intention argument\u00e9e d\u2019environ 5\u00a0000 signes<\/strong> est attendue pour le 28 f\u00e9vrier 2021<\/strong>.<\/p>\nElle pr\u00e9cisera l\u2019objet et le questionnement de recherche, les donn\u00e9es et la m\u00e9thodologie mobilis\u00e9es, comme les enseignements tir\u00e9s, afin de faciliter le travail d\u2019arbitrage.<\/p>\nElle doit \u00eatre adress\u00e9e aux deux coordinatrices du num\u00e9ro : Mathilde.Bourrier@unige.ch<\/a> et Leah.Kimber@unige.ch<\/a><\/p>\nLa notification des propositions pr\u00e9-s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9es sera donn\u00e9e aux auteurs\u00a0mi mars. La remise des textes r\u00e9dig\u00e9s (entre 25\u00a0000 et 35\u00a0000 signes) est fix\u00e9e au\u00a030 mai 2021. La V2 apr\u00e8s \u00e9valuation des articles en double aveugle<\/strong> est attendue pour le 1 octobre 2021.<\/p>\nLa parution du num\u00e9ro\u00a044 \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb aura lieu d\u00e9but 2022.<\/p>\nBibliographie<\/h2>\nBaym, N. (2000). Tune in, Log on : Soaps, Fandom, and Online Community<\/em>. Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage.<\/p>\nBergstr\u00f6m, M. (2019). Les nouvelles lois de l’amour : sexualit\u00e9\u0301, couple et rencontres au temps du num\u00e9rique<\/em>. Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nB\u00e9liard, A. &\u00a0Eideliman, J. (2008). 6 : Au-del\u00e0 de la d\u00e9ontologie : Anonymat et confidentialit\u00e9 dans le travail ethnographique. Dans : Alban Bensa \u00e9d.,\u00a0Les politiques de l’enqu\u00eate<\/em>\u00a0(pp. 123-141). Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nBelton, L., & De Coninck, F. (2007). Des fronti\u00e8res et des liens. R\u00e9seaux<\/em>, (1), 67-100.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2010). Pour une sociologie \u00ab embarqu\u00e9e \u00bb des univers \u00e0 risque ? Tsantsa,<\/em> Revue de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9\u0301 suisse d’Ethnologie<\/em>, (15), 28-37.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2013). Embarquements. Socio-anthropologie<\/em> (dossier \u201cEmbarqu\u00e9s\u201d, dirig\u00e9 par G\u00e9rard Dubey), vol. 27, 21-34.<\/p>\nBroadbent, S. (2016). Intimacy at work : How digital media bring private life to the workplace<\/em> (Vol. 2). Routledge.<\/p>\nCrichton, S. and S. Kinash (2003). \u00ab Virtual ethnography : Interactive interviewing online as method. \u00bb Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology<\/em>\/La revue canadienne de l\u2019apprentissage et de la technologie <\/em>29(2).<\/p>\nFielding, N. G., Lee, R. M., & Blank, G. (Eds.). (2008).\u00a0The SAGE handbook of online research methods<\/em>. Sage.<\/p>\nHine, C. (2015). Ethnography for the internet : Embedded, embodied and everyday<\/em>. Bloomsbury Publishing.<\/p>\nJanghorban, R., Roudsari, R. L., & Taghipour, A. (2014). Skype interviewing : The new generation of online synchronous interview in qualitative research. Int. journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being<\/em>, 9<\/em>(1), 24152.<\/p>\nJohnson, D. R., Scheitle, C. P., & Ecklund, E. H. (2019). Beyond the In-Person Interview ? How Interview Quality Varies Across In-person, Telephone, and Skype Interviews. Social Science Computer Review<\/em>, 0894439319893612.<\/p>\nKilani, M. (1987). L’anthropologie de terrain et le terrain de l’anthropologie. Observation, description et textualisation en anthropologie. R\u00e9seaux. Communication-Technologie-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, 5<\/em>(27), 39-78.<\/p>\nKimber, L. (2020). The Architecture of Exclusion at the United Nations : Analyzing the Inclusion of the Women\u2019s Group in the Negotiations of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/em>. PhD, University of Geneva.<\/p>\nMcKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sfsic.org\/en\/aac-publication\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.sfsic.org\/en\/aac-publication\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"SFSIC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Axelle Martin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Axelle Martin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d3606993477708f4359fb9aeda58df3b\"},\"headline\":\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":3158,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"Anthropologie\",\"M\u00e9thodologie\",\"Pand\u00e9mie\"],\"articleSection\":[\"AAC Publications\",\"Article\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\",\"name\":\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\",\"description\":\"La revue \\\"Socio-Anthropologie\\\" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNom de la publication<\/span><\/span> Socio-Anthropologie<\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nCoordinateurs<\/h3>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMathilde<\/span> Bourrier<\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t, mathilde.bourrier@unige.ch<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLeah<\/span> Kimber<\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t, leah.kimber@unige.ch<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n\nContacts<\/h3>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMathilde Bourrier<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMathilde.Bourrier@unige.ch<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLeah Kimber<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLeah.Kimber@unige.ch<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n\nSites internet de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence<\/h3>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSite internet de la revue<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\nArgumentaire<\/h2>\nLa situation que nous vivons, dans le contexte de la pand\u00e9mie COVID-19, nous a conduit \u00e0\u0300 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir \u00e0 ce dossier th\u00e9matique. Il fournit le pr\u00e9texte, mais n\u2019en constitue pas la mati\u00e8re. La crise plan\u00e9taire qui traverse pays, r\u00e9gions, villes, communaut\u00e9s, institutions et organisations de toutes natures offre sans aucun doute des possibilit\u00e9s in\u00e9puisables de questionnements sociologiques et anthropologiques. Elle renouv\u00e8le des questions constitutives des sciences sociales, comme celles des in\u00e9galit\u00e9s, des dimensions sociales des \u00e9pid\u00e9mies, de l\u2019allocation des ressources, ou de la mondialisation des \u00e9changes, etc. Cependant, c\u2019est au versant plus m\u00e9thodologique de notre pratique de sciences sociales que ce dossier voudrait se consacrer.<\/p>\nIntitul\u00e9 \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb, ce num\u00e9ro souhaite rassembler des contributions sur la mani\u00e8re dont un certain nombre de tendances, de contraintes et d’injonctions \u2013 et donc pas uniquement li\u00e9 \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie \u2013 interroge les m\u00e9thodologies plus traditionnelles de recueil de donn\u00e9es, bas\u00e9es sur le temps long, l\u2019immersion, l’observation directe, les discussions gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l\u2019interconnaissance et la copr\u00e9sence dans un m\u00eame lieu. En effet, la constitution d\u2019un terrain d’enqu\u00eate sociologique ou anthropologique passe encore pour beaucoup d\u2019entre nous par une immersion longue dans un milieu social, par un recueil au plus pr\u00e8s des pratiques et des mani\u00e8res de faire, de juger, de penser, d\u2019accomplir activit\u00e9s, missions et t\u00e2ches. Cette pratique se base fondamentalement sur un progressif \u00e9tablissement de relations de confiance et de partage avec les acteurs sociaux. Un souci r\u00e9flexif toujours plus affut\u00e9 s\u2019est d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 dans les sciences sociales pour rendre compte de ce processus d\u2019enqu\u00eate au plus pr\u00e8s<\/em>. D’autres disciplines, comme l’Egyptologie ou l’Arch\u00e9ologie sont \u00e9galement intrins\u00e8quement habit\u00e9es par les enjeux de la distance, voire de la mise \u00e0 distance. Leurs chercheurs doivent sans rel\u00e2che penser leurs travaux en prenant au s\u00e9rieux le contexte notamment administratif, bureaucratique et politique, afin de mettre tout en \u0153uvre pour \u00ab ouvrir \u00bb leurs terrains et leurs champs de fouille. Dans quelle situation se trouvent-ils aujourd’hui ? Comment r\u00e9fl\u00e9chissent-ils \u00e0 cette question de l’\u00e9tude \u00e0 distance ?<\/p>\nCette mani\u00e8re d’enqu\u00eater au plus pr\u00e8s<\/em> pour aussi constitutive qu’elle soit de nos disciplines s’est d\u00e9j\u00e0 trouv\u00e9e questionn\u00e9e notamment par Mead et M\u00e9traux dans \u00ab The Study of Culture at a Distance \u00bb (1953). Etudier des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s \u00e9teintes (ou en voie d’extinction), enqu\u00eater en temps de guerre, ou simplement rejoindre des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s compl\u00e8tement inaccessibles posaient d\u00e9j\u00e0 de s\u00e9rieux probl\u00e8mes m\u00e9thodologiques aux anthropologues culturels de l’\u00e9poque. Quand l’observation directe et la longue immersion ne sont pas possibles, comment faire ? M\u00eame si les pistes th\u00e9oriques offertes pour \u00e9tudier la culture via l’attention port\u00e9e aux caract\u00e9ristiques psychologiques des peuples par Mead et M\u00e9traux et leur groupe de recherche se sont vues critiquer par la suite (Wallace, 1954), il n’en reste pas moins que la discussion sur le recrutement des \u00ab informants \u00bb, sur l’usage des images, l’\u00e9tude de documents, de films, d’\u0153uvres d’art, de jeux de soci\u00e9t\u00e9, nous donne \u00e0 voir une prolifique cr\u00e9ativit\u00e9. Mead et M\u00e9traux avaient \u00e9galement l’intime conviction que de telles discussions m\u00e9thodologiques allaient \u00eatre certainement reprises \u00e0 nouveau frais dans les d\u00e9cennies \u00e0 venir : \u00ab However this may be, it is certain that for the rest of the 20th century we shall be dealing with types of change that are so rapid and so revolutionary that we shall be in continual need of methods for reconstructing the cultures of a quarter of a century or even ten years<\/em>\u00ab . (p.3)<\/p>\nCes lignes de Mead et M\u00e9traux r\u00e9sonnent \u00e0 nos oreilles 70 ans plus tard. En effet, il nous semble que nos processus d\u2019enqu\u00eate se trouvent bouscul\u00e9s par plusieurs ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes, certains connus et d’autres \u00e9mergents. Tous sont plus ou moins directement reli\u00e9s \u00e0 la question des acc\u00e8s aux terrains d’enqu\u00eate que le\/la chercheur\/se forge et \u00e0 l’actualisation contextuelle de cette question : i) Ainsi dans un premier groupe, on pourrait placer les difficult\u00e9s d’acc\u00e8s physique dans la dur\u00e9e \u00e0 la vie de certaines organisations ou ar\u00e8nes de n\u00e9gociations collectives et la mise \u00e0 distance fr\u00e9quente des chercheur.euses en sciences sociales. Il ne s’agit pas l\u00e0 d’un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne nouveau. Il a donn\u00e9 lieu \u00e0 l’expression de toutes sortes de strat\u00e9gies pour contourner ces difficult\u00e9s ; ii) Dans un second groupe, on peut trouver les d\u00e9fis m\u00e9thodologiques que pose l’\u00e9tude des nombreuses pratiques sociales \u00e0 distance qui se sont d\u00e9j\u00e0 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es au c\u0153ur des institutions et des organisations avec le d\u00e9veloppement du t\u00e9l\u00e9travail, ou de l’enseignement \u00e0 distance en formation continue (McKee, 1999) par exemple, ou encore les loisirs en ligne : les \u00e9tudier en prenant en compte leur d\u00e9ploiement \u00e0 distance r\u00e9clamait d\u00e9j\u00e0 des ajustements m\u00e9thodologiques, sur lesquels nous revenons un peu plus bas ; iii) D’autres sont plus r\u00e9cents et parfois spectaculaires : le basculement de nombre d\u2019organisations dans un fonctionnement en ligne, le passage au t\u00e9l\u00e9travail parfois massif, \u00e0 la tenue de visioconf\u00e9rences permanentes ont partiellement virtualis\u00e9 le fonctionnement d\u2019institutions aussi centrales que l\u2019\u00c9cole, l’Universit\u00e9, la Diplomatie \u00ad- dans les ar\u00e8nes des organisations onusiennes au c\u0153ur des n\u00e9gociations internationales, on parle de \u00ab Zoomplomacy \u00bb, pour qualifier ce basculement vers une forme virtuelle de fonctionnement \u00ad- ou m\u00eame l\u2019\u00c9glise.<\/p>\nConcr\u00e8tement, comment allons-nous faire pour \u00e9tudier les toutes nouvelles dynamiques d\u2019action collective des milieux d’interconnaissance et de travail, qui se d\u00e9roulent d\u00e9sormais \u00e0 distance ? Est-ce qu’il sera suffisant, en imaginant que cela soit possible, de disposer des invitations Zoom, Webex ou Teams et de se glisser en \u00ab observateur \u00bb dans les petites lucarnes ? Ce n\u2019est pas impossible d’obtenir de tels acc\u00e8s, mais on sent bien que la mise \u00e0 distance risque de se renforcer et de devenir la norme. Si l\u2019embedding <\/em>semblait fournir les conditions d’un acc\u00e8s et d\u2019un maintien sur le terrain dans le cadre d’organisations tr\u00e8s d\u00e9fensives (Bourrier, 2010, 2013 ; Kimber, 2020), peut-on imaginer d\u00e9velopper une pratique du \u00ab e-embedding \u00bb ? C\u2019est-\u00e0-dire \u00e9laborer une forme de pratique du miroir pour le ou la chercheur.se : si les acteurs sociaux travaillent depuis leur domicile, le chercheur ne devrait-il pas en faire autant ? Dans la mesure o\u00f9 les acteurs op\u00e8rent \u00e0 distance, il n’y a plus lieu de chercher \u00e0 les observer in situ<\/em>, ou plut\u00f4t le in situ<\/em> devient en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 leur salle de r\u00e9union virtuelle, en permanence ouverte. Quelles seraient alors les conditions d\u2019un e-embedding <\/em>et comment devrions-nous le n\u00e9gocier ?<\/p>\nLes chercheurs et les chercheuses ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chi \u00e0 des m\u00e9thodes alternatives, permettant de capter par d\u2019autres moyens les pratiques sociales. Comme on l’a rappel\u00e9 plus haut, les guerres mondiales du pass\u00e9 ou les conflits qui frappent de nombreux pays compliquent depuis longtemps le travail des anthropologues, des ethnologues et des sociologues. Quoi de neuf, pourrait-on dire ? Cela fait plus de 10 ans qu\u2019il existe une litt\u00e9rature pesant le pour et le contre de la recherche \u00ab en ligne \u00bb (Fielding et al., 2008), et de l\u2019ethnographie dite \u00ab virtuelle \u00bb plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment, dans laquelle s\u2019inscrit typiquement la conduite des entretiens par visioconf\u00e9rence (Johnson et al, 2019 ; Seitz, 2016 ; Janghorban et al.<\/em>, 2014), mais aussi l\u2019analyse de documents par le biais du bureau dit \u00ab virtuel \u00bb (Crichton & Kinash 2003). Si le langage corporel et tous les vagabondages qu\u2019une conversation en face \u00e0 face permet de capter manquent cruellement dans un entretien en visioconf\u00e9rence, il appara\u00eet que d\u2019autres b\u00e9n\u00e9fices peuvent aussi contrebalancer ces manques : la personne est disponible, souvent \u00e0 son domicile \u2013 mais pas uniquement \u2013 , elle n\u2019est pas interrompue par ses coll\u00e8gues \u2013 mais le sera peut-\u00eatre par ses enfants \u2013, elle est concentr\u00e9e sur les questions de l\u2019interviewer \u2013 en partie d’ailleurs car le dispositif technique n’est pas toujours tr\u00e8s robuste et que le son ou l’image vacillent. Ces entretiens via visioconf\u00e9rence permettent aussi de rencontrer des personnes, localis\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger qu\u2019il n\u2019est pas facile de joindre \u00e0 leurs bureaux du fait du d\u00e9calage horaire ou \u00e9loign\u00e9es g\u00e9ographiquement tout simplement des chercheur.ses.<\/p>\nCertains travaux autour des pratiques digitales notamment (Hine, 2015) et\/ou favorisant des collectes hybrides ou mixtes montrent d\u00e9j\u00e0\u0300 la voie. \u00c0 cet \u00e9gard, les travaux issus des digital ethnographies <\/em>o\u00f9 les chercheurs s’engagent avec des personnes en ligne, interviewent les utilisateurs de technologies ou demandent \u00e0 ces derniers de prendre des images qu’ils publient en ligne repr\u00e9sentent peut-\u00eatre une voie palliative praticable pour de nombreuses collectes (Pink 2016). De m\u00eame, l\u2019observation de pratiques en ligne (Baym, 2000) ou l\u2019utilisation de donn\u00e9es de masse c\u00e9d\u00e9es par des op\u00e9rateurs et rendues totalement anonymes (Cf. par exemple l\u2019utilisation des donn\u00e9es de masse de Meetic<\/em> par Marie Bergstr\u00f6m, 2019), pourraient venir enrichir consid\u00e9rablement le portfolio des m\u00e9thodes immersives plus traditionnelles.<\/p>\nDans la mesure o\u00f9 de nombreuses pratiques sociales se d\u00e9roulent majoritairement en ligne, comment \u00e9tablir les bases m\u00e9thodologiques pour monter des enqu\u00eates techniquement faisables, scientifiquement solides, socialement accept\u00e9es et \u00e9thiquement valides ? D\u00e9sormais, de nombreux chercheur.ses consid\u00e8rent que les \u00e9changes en ligne constituent en eux-m\u00eames les terrains d\u2019enqu\u00eate, et que c\u2019est donc au travers de m\u00e9thodologies d\u2019observation et d\u2019\u00e9change en ligne qu\u2019ils convient de les explorer. Mais que se passe-t-il quand ce sont des pans entiers de la vie sociale (l\u2019\u00e9cole, le travail, le sport, la pratique religieuse….) qui basculent en ligne ? Cela engage-t-il un nouvel agenda de recherche s\u2019int\u00e9ressant de mani\u00e8re privil\u00e9gi\u00e9e aux pratiques de toutes natures sur internet ? Par ailleurs, un basculement en ligne de la recherche pousse-t-il \u00e0 repenser la d\u00e9ontologie-m\u00eame du m\u00e9tier de chercheur en sciences sociales ? Sachant que dans certains pays, les questions d\u00e9ontologiques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 collectivement prises en consid\u00e9ration par les chercheurs, les universit\u00e9s et les organismes financeurs, par la r\u00e9daction de codes \u00e9thiques sur lesquels s\u2019appuient des instances de contr\u00f4le (B\u00e9liard et Eideliman, 2008), l\u2019adaptation de certaines pratiques appelle-t-elle \u00e0 collectivement repenser les codes \u00e9thiques\u00a0pour les activit\u00e9s en ligne (Tene et Polonetsky, 2016) ?<\/p>\nDe surcroit, ces pratiques d\u2019interview \u00e0 distance par exemple se sont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es dans un double contexte de r\u00e9duction et\/ou d\u2019optimisation des frais de collecte de donn\u00e9es et de sensibilisation dans les institutions acad\u00e9miques \u00e0 l\u2019empreinte carbone de la recherche, ce qui inclut les voyages, les conf\u00e9rences \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger ainsi que la r\u00e9alisation des terrains d\u2019enqu\u00eate et des campagnes d\u2019entretiens ou d\u2019observation par exemple. Ce contexte pr\u00e9existe \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie et il y a fort \u00e0 parier que les pr\u00e9occupations environnementales et la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de conduire une grande partie du travail de terrain \u00e0 distance vont perdurer. La mise au point de pratiques de recherche durables constitue un point de discussion saillante dans les laboratoires, centres et d\u00e9partements acad\u00e9miques.<\/p>\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la technologie pourrait-il v\u00e9ritablement constituer une voie possible et \u00e0 quelles conditions ? Si l\u2019on voit bien comment l\u2019entretien peut facilement basculer d’un mode en face \u00e0 face \u00e0 un mode \u00e0 distance (ce qui n\u2019est pas sans poser de questions mais on le fait d\u00e9j\u00e0), l\u2019observation des pratiques dans leur milieu naturel d\u2019occurrence est rendue beaucoup plus difficile sans mettre \u00e0 mal le projet scientifique m\u00eame d\u2019une ethnographie. Par exemple, on ne saura plus rien des interactions spontan\u00e9es entre les acteurs, ce qui est toujours une source importante de donn\u00e9es. La distance du chercheur par rapport \u00e0 son objet est en elle-m\u00eame une question tr\u00e8s travaill\u00e9e, mais il s\u2019agit d\u2019autre chose ici, il s’agit d\u2019une distance technologiquement construite. Car comment faire pour maintenir l\u2019essence m\u00eame de notre travail d\u2019enqu\u00eate, qui est de comprendre et de rester au plus pr\u00e8s de la mani\u00e8re dont les acteurs sociaux produisent et s\u2019arrangent des conditions dans lesquelles ils se trouvent si nous sommes emp\u00each\u00e9s de demeurer aupr\u00e8s d\u2019eux ? Quelles adaptations doivent \u00eatre entreprises ? Les historiens ont \u00e9t\u00e9 amen\u00e9s par exemple \u00e0 d\u00e9laisser le papier pour des formes dites \u00ab num\u00e9riques \u00bb, qui transforment les fa\u00e7ons de proc\u00e9der des chercheurs autant que l\u2019\u00e9tude de leurs mani\u00e8res de faire (Roustan, 2016).L\u2019enqu\u00eate \u00e0 distance repr\u00e9sente-t-elle, alors, une nouvelle \u00e9tape de \u00ab rapatriation \u00bb pour l\u2019anthropologue (Kilani, 1987), cette fois au plus pr\u00e8s de la vie sur \u00e9cran, puisque c\u2019est d\u00e9sormais l\u00e0 que nos probl\u00e9matiques de recherche doivent s\u2019appr\u00e9hender\u00a0ou est-elle un d\u00e9fi peut-\u00eatre momentan\u00e9, li\u00e9 \u00e0 un certain contexte, que l\u2019anthropologie et la sociologie doivent \u00eatre capables de surmonter ? En tout cas elle repose, aux sciences sociales, les questions du lointain, du d\u00e9tour ou de la comparaison internationale.<\/p>\nA travers cet appel, nous recherchons la soumission de textes, adoss\u00e9s \u00e0 des exp\u00e9riences de terrain, m\u00eame contrari\u00e9es, qui reviennent sur la question de l\u2019enrichissement des collectes, sur des alternatives aux collectes plus traditionnelles et sur les dilemmes que l\u2019enqu\u00eate \u00e0 distance ne manque pas de poser. Ainsi, on pourra s’interroger sur un apparent paradoxe : tandis que l’on est contraint d’enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance, on se retrouve aussi plong\u00e9 davantage dans l’intimit\u00e9 de nos interlocuteurs\/trices par le biais des (nouvelles) technologies de communication. La porosit\u00e9 entre les temps de travail et les temps personnels ou familiaux a d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 abord\u00e9 \u00e0 la faveur des premi\u00e8res enqu\u00eates sur le t\u00e9l\u00e9travail dans les ann\u00e9es 1990 et 2000 (Metzger & Cleach, 2004 ; Belton & de Coninck, 2007 ; Broadbent, 2016). Aujourd’hui cette porosit\u00e9 s’expose au plein jour des cam\u00e9ras des ordinateurs. Dans le m\u00eame temps, malgr\u00e9 cette nouvelle proximit\u00e9 avec nos interlocuteurs\/trices, ne court-on pas le risque d’un progressif aveuglement et d’une perte de connaissances sur les dynamiques ancr\u00e9es des mondes sociaux. Pour autant, il nous appara\u00eet que dans la mesure o\u00f9 le d\u00e9ploiement des pratiques en ligne est d\u00e9sormais sans fin, d\u00e9velopper de nouvelles m\u00e9thodologies d’enqu\u00eate repr\u00e9sente un d\u00e9fi \u00e0 relever. La virtualisation de la recherche de terrain est en route, comment faire pour qu\u2019elle ne signe pas le retour de la recherche en chambre, dans ce \u00ab cabinet \u00bb autrefois d\u00e9sert\u00e9 par Malinowski ? Comment maintenir la possibilit\u00e9\u0301 d\u2019un regard en pr\u00e9sence, aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s et avec les acteurs sociaux ?<\/p>\nModalit\u00e9s de soumission<\/h2>\nUne intention argument\u00e9e d\u2019environ 5\u00a0000 signes<\/strong> est attendue pour le 28 f\u00e9vrier 2021<\/strong>.<\/p>\nElle pr\u00e9cisera l\u2019objet et le questionnement de recherche, les donn\u00e9es et la m\u00e9thodologie mobilis\u00e9es, comme les enseignements tir\u00e9s, afin de faciliter le travail d\u2019arbitrage.<\/p>\nElle doit \u00eatre adress\u00e9e aux deux coordinatrices du num\u00e9ro : Mathilde.Bourrier@unige.ch<\/a> et Leah.Kimber@unige.ch<\/a><\/p>\nLa notification des propositions pr\u00e9-s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9es sera donn\u00e9e aux auteurs\u00a0mi mars. La remise des textes r\u00e9dig\u00e9s (entre 25\u00a0000 et 35\u00a0000 signes) est fix\u00e9e au\u00a030 mai 2021. La V2 apr\u00e8s \u00e9valuation des articles en double aveugle<\/strong> est attendue pour le 1 octobre 2021.<\/p>\nLa parution du num\u00e9ro\u00a044 \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb aura lieu d\u00e9but 2022.<\/p>\nBibliographie<\/h2>\nBaym, N. (2000). Tune in, Log on : Soaps, Fandom, and Online Community<\/em>. Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage.<\/p>\nBergstr\u00f6m, M. (2019). Les nouvelles lois de l’amour : sexualit\u00e9\u0301, couple et rencontres au temps du num\u00e9rique<\/em>. Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nB\u00e9liard, A. &\u00a0Eideliman, J. (2008). 6 : Au-del\u00e0 de la d\u00e9ontologie : Anonymat et confidentialit\u00e9 dans le travail ethnographique. Dans : Alban Bensa \u00e9d.,\u00a0Les politiques de l’enqu\u00eate<\/em>\u00a0(pp. 123-141). Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nBelton, L., & De Coninck, F. (2007). Des fronti\u00e8res et des liens. R\u00e9seaux<\/em>, (1), 67-100.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2010). Pour une sociologie \u00ab embarqu\u00e9e \u00bb des univers \u00e0 risque ? Tsantsa,<\/em> Revue de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9\u0301 suisse d’Ethnologie<\/em>, (15), 28-37.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2013). Embarquements. Socio-anthropologie<\/em> (dossier \u201cEmbarqu\u00e9s\u201d, dirig\u00e9 par G\u00e9rard Dubey), vol. 27, 21-34.<\/p>\nBroadbent, S. (2016). Intimacy at work : How digital media bring private life to the workplace<\/em> (Vol. 2). Routledge.<\/p>\nCrichton, S. and S. Kinash (2003). \u00ab Virtual ethnography : Interactive interviewing online as method. \u00bb Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology<\/em>\/La revue canadienne de l\u2019apprentissage et de la technologie <\/em>29(2).<\/p>\nFielding, N. G., Lee, R. M., & Blank, G. (Eds.). (2008).\u00a0The SAGE handbook of online research methods<\/em>. Sage.<\/p>\nHine, C. (2015). Ethnography for the internet : Embedded, embodied and everyday<\/em>. Bloomsbury Publishing.<\/p>\nJanghorban, R., Roudsari, R. L., & Taghipour, A. (2014). Skype interviewing : The new generation of online synchronous interview in qualitative research. Int. journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being<\/em>, 9<\/em>(1), 24152.<\/p>\nJohnson, D. R., Scheitle, C. P., & Ecklund, E. H. (2019). Beyond the In-Person Interview ? How Interview Quality Varies Across In-person, Telephone, and Skype Interviews. Social Science Computer Review<\/em>, 0894439319893612.<\/p>\nKilani, M. (1987). L’anthropologie de terrain et le terrain de l’anthropologie. Observation, description et textualisation en anthropologie. R\u00e9seaux. Communication-Technologie-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, 5<\/em>(27), 39-78.<\/p>\nKimber, L. (2020). The Architecture of Exclusion at the United Nations : Analyzing the Inclusion of the Women\u2019s Group in the Negotiations of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/em>. PhD, University of Geneva.<\/p>\nMcKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sfsic.org\/en\/aac-publication\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.sfsic.org\/en\/aac-publication\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"SFSIC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Axelle Martin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Axelle Martin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d3606993477708f4359fb9aeda58df3b\"},\"headline\":\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":3158,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"Anthropologie\",\"M\u00e9thodologie\",\"Pand\u00e9mie\"],\"articleSection\":[\"AAC Publications\",\"Article\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\",\"name\":\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\",\"description\":\"La revue \\\"Socio-Anthropologie\\\" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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La situation que nous vivons, dans le contexte de la pand\u00e9mie COVID-19, nous a conduit \u00e0\u0300 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir \u00e0 ce dossier th\u00e9matique. Il fournit le pr\u00e9texte, mais n\u2019en constitue pas la mati\u00e8re. La crise plan\u00e9taire qui traverse pays, r\u00e9gions, villes, communaut\u00e9s, institutions et organisations de toutes natures offre sans aucun doute des possibilit\u00e9s in\u00e9puisables de questionnements sociologiques et anthropologiques. Elle renouv\u00e8le des questions constitutives des sciences sociales, comme celles des in\u00e9galit\u00e9s, des dimensions sociales des \u00e9pid\u00e9mies, de l\u2019allocation des ressources, ou de la mondialisation des \u00e9changes, etc. Cependant, c\u2019est au versant plus m\u00e9thodologique de notre pratique de sciences sociales que ce dossier voudrait se consacrer.<\/p>\n
Intitul\u00e9 \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb, ce num\u00e9ro souhaite rassembler des contributions sur la mani\u00e8re dont un certain nombre de tendances, de contraintes et d’injonctions \u2013 et donc pas uniquement li\u00e9 \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie \u2013 interroge les m\u00e9thodologies plus traditionnelles de recueil de donn\u00e9es, bas\u00e9es sur le temps long, l\u2019immersion, l’observation directe, les discussions gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l\u2019interconnaissance et la copr\u00e9sence dans un m\u00eame lieu. En effet, la constitution d\u2019un terrain d’enqu\u00eate sociologique ou anthropologique passe encore pour beaucoup d\u2019entre nous par une immersion longue dans un milieu social, par un recueil au plus pr\u00e8s des pratiques et des mani\u00e8res de faire, de juger, de penser, d\u2019accomplir activit\u00e9s, missions et t\u00e2ches. Cette pratique se base fondamentalement sur un progressif \u00e9tablissement de relations de confiance et de partage avec les acteurs sociaux. Un souci r\u00e9flexif toujours plus affut\u00e9 s\u2019est d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 dans les sciences sociales pour rendre compte de ce processus d\u2019enqu\u00eate au plus pr\u00e8s<\/em>. D’autres disciplines, comme l’Egyptologie ou l’Arch\u00e9ologie sont \u00e9galement intrins\u00e8quement habit\u00e9es par les enjeux de la distance, voire de la mise \u00e0 distance. Leurs chercheurs doivent sans rel\u00e2che penser leurs travaux en prenant au s\u00e9rieux le contexte notamment administratif, bureaucratique et politique, afin de mettre tout en \u0153uvre pour \u00ab ouvrir \u00bb leurs terrains et leurs champs de fouille. Dans quelle situation se trouvent-ils aujourd’hui ? Comment r\u00e9fl\u00e9chissent-ils \u00e0 cette question de l’\u00e9tude \u00e0 distance ?<\/p>\nCette mani\u00e8re d’enqu\u00eater au plus pr\u00e8s<\/em> pour aussi constitutive qu’elle soit de nos disciplines s’est d\u00e9j\u00e0 trouv\u00e9e questionn\u00e9e notamment par Mead et M\u00e9traux dans \u00ab The Study of Culture at a Distance \u00bb (1953). Etudier des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s \u00e9teintes (ou en voie d’extinction), enqu\u00eater en temps de guerre, ou simplement rejoindre des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s compl\u00e8tement inaccessibles posaient d\u00e9j\u00e0 de s\u00e9rieux probl\u00e8mes m\u00e9thodologiques aux anthropologues culturels de l’\u00e9poque. Quand l’observation directe et la longue immersion ne sont pas possibles, comment faire ? M\u00eame si les pistes th\u00e9oriques offertes pour \u00e9tudier la culture via l’attention port\u00e9e aux caract\u00e9ristiques psychologiques des peuples par Mead et M\u00e9traux et leur groupe de recherche se sont vues critiquer par la suite (Wallace, 1954), il n’en reste pas moins que la discussion sur le recrutement des \u00ab informants \u00bb, sur l’usage des images, l’\u00e9tude de documents, de films, d’\u0153uvres d’art, de jeux de soci\u00e9t\u00e9, nous donne \u00e0 voir une prolifique cr\u00e9ativit\u00e9. Mead et M\u00e9traux avaient \u00e9galement l’intime conviction que de telles discussions m\u00e9thodologiques allaient \u00eatre certainement reprises \u00e0 nouveau frais dans les d\u00e9cennies \u00e0 venir : \u00ab However this may be, it is certain that for the rest of the 20th century we shall be dealing with types of change that are so rapid and so revolutionary that we shall be in continual need of methods for reconstructing the cultures of a quarter of a century or even ten years<\/em>\u00ab . (p.3)<\/p>\nCes lignes de Mead et M\u00e9traux r\u00e9sonnent \u00e0 nos oreilles 70 ans plus tard. En effet, il nous semble que nos processus d\u2019enqu\u00eate se trouvent bouscul\u00e9s par plusieurs ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes, certains connus et d’autres \u00e9mergents. Tous sont plus ou moins directement reli\u00e9s \u00e0 la question des acc\u00e8s aux terrains d’enqu\u00eate que le\/la chercheur\/se forge et \u00e0 l’actualisation contextuelle de cette question : i) Ainsi dans un premier groupe, on pourrait placer les difficult\u00e9s d’acc\u00e8s physique dans la dur\u00e9e \u00e0 la vie de certaines organisations ou ar\u00e8nes de n\u00e9gociations collectives et la mise \u00e0 distance fr\u00e9quente des chercheur.euses en sciences sociales. Il ne s’agit pas l\u00e0 d’un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne nouveau. Il a donn\u00e9 lieu \u00e0 l’expression de toutes sortes de strat\u00e9gies pour contourner ces difficult\u00e9s ; ii) Dans un second groupe, on peut trouver les d\u00e9fis m\u00e9thodologiques que pose l’\u00e9tude des nombreuses pratiques sociales \u00e0 distance qui se sont d\u00e9j\u00e0 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es au c\u0153ur des institutions et des organisations avec le d\u00e9veloppement du t\u00e9l\u00e9travail, ou de l’enseignement \u00e0 distance en formation continue (McKee, 1999) par exemple, ou encore les loisirs en ligne : les \u00e9tudier en prenant en compte leur d\u00e9ploiement \u00e0 distance r\u00e9clamait d\u00e9j\u00e0 des ajustements m\u00e9thodologiques, sur lesquels nous revenons un peu plus bas ; iii) D’autres sont plus r\u00e9cents et parfois spectaculaires : le basculement de nombre d\u2019organisations dans un fonctionnement en ligne, le passage au t\u00e9l\u00e9travail parfois massif, \u00e0 la tenue de visioconf\u00e9rences permanentes ont partiellement virtualis\u00e9 le fonctionnement d\u2019institutions aussi centrales que l\u2019\u00c9cole, l’Universit\u00e9, la Diplomatie \u00ad- dans les ar\u00e8nes des organisations onusiennes au c\u0153ur des n\u00e9gociations internationales, on parle de \u00ab Zoomplomacy \u00bb, pour qualifier ce basculement vers une forme virtuelle de fonctionnement \u00ad- ou m\u00eame l\u2019\u00c9glise.<\/p>\nConcr\u00e8tement, comment allons-nous faire pour \u00e9tudier les toutes nouvelles dynamiques d\u2019action collective des milieux d’interconnaissance et de travail, qui se d\u00e9roulent d\u00e9sormais \u00e0 distance ? Est-ce qu’il sera suffisant, en imaginant que cela soit possible, de disposer des invitations Zoom, Webex ou Teams et de se glisser en \u00ab observateur \u00bb dans les petites lucarnes ? Ce n\u2019est pas impossible d’obtenir de tels acc\u00e8s, mais on sent bien que la mise \u00e0 distance risque de se renforcer et de devenir la norme. Si l\u2019embedding <\/em>semblait fournir les conditions d’un acc\u00e8s et d\u2019un maintien sur le terrain dans le cadre d’organisations tr\u00e8s d\u00e9fensives (Bourrier, 2010, 2013 ; Kimber, 2020), peut-on imaginer d\u00e9velopper une pratique du \u00ab e-embedding \u00bb ? C\u2019est-\u00e0-dire \u00e9laborer une forme de pratique du miroir pour le ou la chercheur.se : si les acteurs sociaux travaillent depuis leur domicile, le chercheur ne devrait-il pas en faire autant ? Dans la mesure o\u00f9 les acteurs op\u00e8rent \u00e0 distance, il n’y a plus lieu de chercher \u00e0 les observer in situ<\/em>, ou plut\u00f4t le in situ<\/em> devient en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 leur salle de r\u00e9union virtuelle, en permanence ouverte. Quelles seraient alors les conditions d\u2019un e-embedding <\/em>et comment devrions-nous le n\u00e9gocier ?<\/p>\nLes chercheurs et les chercheuses ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chi \u00e0 des m\u00e9thodes alternatives, permettant de capter par d\u2019autres moyens les pratiques sociales. Comme on l’a rappel\u00e9 plus haut, les guerres mondiales du pass\u00e9 ou les conflits qui frappent de nombreux pays compliquent depuis longtemps le travail des anthropologues, des ethnologues et des sociologues. Quoi de neuf, pourrait-on dire ? Cela fait plus de 10 ans qu\u2019il existe une litt\u00e9rature pesant le pour et le contre de la recherche \u00ab en ligne \u00bb (Fielding et al., 2008), et de l\u2019ethnographie dite \u00ab virtuelle \u00bb plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment, dans laquelle s\u2019inscrit typiquement la conduite des entretiens par visioconf\u00e9rence (Johnson et al, 2019 ; Seitz, 2016 ; Janghorban et al.<\/em>, 2014), mais aussi l\u2019analyse de documents par le biais du bureau dit \u00ab virtuel \u00bb (Crichton & Kinash 2003). Si le langage corporel et tous les vagabondages qu\u2019une conversation en face \u00e0 face permet de capter manquent cruellement dans un entretien en visioconf\u00e9rence, il appara\u00eet que d\u2019autres b\u00e9n\u00e9fices peuvent aussi contrebalancer ces manques : la personne est disponible, souvent \u00e0 son domicile \u2013 mais pas uniquement \u2013 , elle n\u2019est pas interrompue par ses coll\u00e8gues \u2013 mais le sera peut-\u00eatre par ses enfants \u2013, elle est concentr\u00e9e sur les questions de l\u2019interviewer \u2013 en partie d’ailleurs car le dispositif technique n’est pas toujours tr\u00e8s robuste et que le son ou l’image vacillent. Ces entretiens via visioconf\u00e9rence permettent aussi de rencontrer des personnes, localis\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger qu\u2019il n\u2019est pas facile de joindre \u00e0 leurs bureaux du fait du d\u00e9calage horaire ou \u00e9loign\u00e9es g\u00e9ographiquement tout simplement des chercheur.ses.<\/p>\nCertains travaux autour des pratiques digitales notamment (Hine, 2015) et\/ou favorisant des collectes hybrides ou mixtes montrent d\u00e9j\u00e0\u0300 la voie. \u00c0 cet \u00e9gard, les travaux issus des digital ethnographies <\/em>o\u00f9 les chercheurs s’engagent avec des personnes en ligne, interviewent les utilisateurs de technologies ou demandent \u00e0 ces derniers de prendre des images qu’ils publient en ligne repr\u00e9sentent peut-\u00eatre une voie palliative praticable pour de nombreuses collectes (Pink 2016). De m\u00eame, l\u2019observation de pratiques en ligne (Baym, 2000) ou l\u2019utilisation de donn\u00e9es de masse c\u00e9d\u00e9es par des op\u00e9rateurs et rendues totalement anonymes (Cf. par exemple l\u2019utilisation des donn\u00e9es de masse de Meetic<\/em> par Marie Bergstr\u00f6m, 2019), pourraient venir enrichir consid\u00e9rablement le portfolio des m\u00e9thodes immersives plus traditionnelles.<\/p>\nDans la mesure o\u00f9 de nombreuses pratiques sociales se d\u00e9roulent majoritairement en ligne, comment \u00e9tablir les bases m\u00e9thodologiques pour monter des enqu\u00eates techniquement faisables, scientifiquement solides, socialement accept\u00e9es et \u00e9thiquement valides ? D\u00e9sormais, de nombreux chercheur.ses consid\u00e8rent que les \u00e9changes en ligne constituent en eux-m\u00eames les terrains d\u2019enqu\u00eate, et que c\u2019est donc au travers de m\u00e9thodologies d\u2019observation et d\u2019\u00e9change en ligne qu\u2019ils convient de les explorer. Mais que se passe-t-il quand ce sont des pans entiers de la vie sociale (l\u2019\u00e9cole, le travail, le sport, la pratique religieuse….) qui basculent en ligne ? Cela engage-t-il un nouvel agenda de recherche s\u2019int\u00e9ressant de mani\u00e8re privil\u00e9gi\u00e9e aux pratiques de toutes natures sur internet ? Par ailleurs, un basculement en ligne de la recherche pousse-t-il \u00e0 repenser la d\u00e9ontologie-m\u00eame du m\u00e9tier de chercheur en sciences sociales ? Sachant que dans certains pays, les questions d\u00e9ontologiques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 collectivement prises en consid\u00e9ration par les chercheurs, les universit\u00e9s et les organismes financeurs, par la r\u00e9daction de codes \u00e9thiques sur lesquels s\u2019appuient des instances de contr\u00f4le (B\u00e9liard et Eideliman, 2008), l\u2019adaptation de certaines pratiques appelle-t-elle \u00e0 collectivement repenser les codes \u00e9thiques\u00a0pour les activit\u00e9s en ligne (Tene et Polonetsky, 2016) ?<\/p>\nDe surcroit, ces pratiques d\u2019interview \u00e0 distance par exemple se sont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es dans un double contexte de r\u00e9duction et\/ou d\u2019optimisation des frais de collecte de donn\u00e9es et de sensibilisation dans les institutions acad\u00e9miques \u00e0 l\u2019empreinte carbone de la recherche, ce qui inclut les voyages, les conf\u00e9rences \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger ainsi que la r\u00e9alisation des terrains d\u2019enqu\u00eate et des campagnes d\u2019entretiens ou d\u2019observation par exemple. Ce contexte pr\u00e9existe \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie et il y a fort \u00e0 parier que les pr\u00e9occupations environnementales et la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de conduire une grande partie du travail de terrain \u00e0 distance vont perdurer. La mise au point de pratiques de recherche durables constitue un point de discussion saillante dans les laboratoires, centres et d\u00e9partements acad\u00e9miques.<\/p>\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la technologie pourrait-il v\u00e9ritablement constituer une voie possible et \u00e0 quelles conditions ? Si l\u2019on voit bien comment l\u2019entretien peut facilement basculer d’un mode en face \u00e0 face \u00e0 un mode \u00e0 distance (ce qui n\u2019est pas sans poser de questions mais on le fait d\u00e9j\u00e0), l\u2019observation des pratiques dans leur milieu naturel d\u2019occurrence est rendue beaucoup plus difficile sans mettre \u00e0 mal le projet scientifique m\u00eame d\u2019une ethnographie. Par exemple, on ne saura plus rien des interactions spontan\u00e9es entre les acteurs, ce qui est toujours une source importante de donn\u00e9es. La distance du chercheur par rapport \u00e0 son objet est en elle-m\u00eame une question tr\u00e8s travaill\u00e9e, mais il s\u2019agit d\u2019autre chose ici, il s’agit d\u2019une distance technologiquement construite. Car comment faire pour maintenir l\u2019essence m\u00eame de notre travail d\u2019enqu\u00eate, qui est de comprendre et de rester au plus pr\u00e8s de la mani\u00e8re dont les acteurs sociaux produisent et s\u2019arrangent des conditions dans lesquelles ils se trouvent si nous sommes emp\u00each\u00e9s de demeurer aupr\u00e8s d\u2019eux ? Quelles adaptations doivent \u00eatre entreprises ? Les historiens ont \u00e9t\u00e9 amen\u00e9s par exemple \u00e0 d\u00e9laisser le papier pour des formes dites \u00ab num\u00e9riques \u00bb, qui transforment les fa\u00e7ons de proc\u00e9der des chercheurs autant que l\u2019\u00e9tude de leurs mani\u00e8res de faire (Roustan, 2016).L\u2019enqu\u00eate \u00e0 distance repr\u00e9sente-t-elle, alors, une nouvelle \u00e9tape de \u00ab rapatriation \u00bb pour l\u2019anthropologue (Kilani, 1987), cette fois au plus pr\u00e8s de la vie sur \u00e9cran, puisque c\u2019est d\u00e9sormais l\u00e0 que nos probl\u00e9matiques de recherche doivent s\u2019appr\u00e9hender\u00a0ou est-elle un d\u00e9fi peut-\u00eatre momentan\u00e9, li\u00e9 \u00e0 un certain contexte, que l\u2019anthropologie et la sociologie doivent \u00eatre capables de surmonter ? En tout cas elle repose, aux sciences sociales, les questions du lointain, du d\u00e9tour ou de la comparaison internationale.<\/p>\nA travers cet appel, nous recherchons la soumission de textes, adoss\u00e9s \u00e0 des exp\u00e9riences de terrain, m\u00eame contrari\u00e9es, qui reviennent sur la question de l\u2019enrichissement des collectes, sur des alternatives aux collectes plus traditionnelles et sur les dilemmes que l\u2019enqu\u00eate \u00e0 distance ne manque pas de poser. Ainsi, on pourra s’interroger sur un apparent paradoxe : tandis que l’on est contraint d’enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance, on se retrouve aussi plong\u00e9 davantage dans l’intimit\u00e9 de nos interlocuteurs\/trices par le biais des (nouvelles) technologies de communication. La porosit\u00e9 entre les temps de travail et les temps personnels ou familiaux a d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 abord\u00e9 \u00e0 la faveur des premi\u00e8res enqu\u00eates sur le t\u00e9l\u00e9travail dans les ann\u00e9es 1990 et 2000 (Metzger & Cleach, 2004 ; Belton & de Coninck, 2007 ; Broadbent, 2016). Aujourd’hui cette porosit\u00e9 s’expose au plein jour des cam\u00e9ras des ordinateurs. Dans le m\u00eame temps, malgr\u00e9 cette nouvelle proximit\u00e9 avec nos interlocuteurs\/trices, ne court-on pas le risque d’un progressif aveuglement et d’une perte de connaissances sur les dynamiques ancr\u00e9es des mondes sociaux. Pour autant, il nous appara\u00eet que dans la mesure o\u00f9 le d\u00e9ploiement des pratiques en ligne est d\u00e9sormais sans fin, d\u00e9velopper de nouvelles m\u00e9thodologies d’enqu\u00eate repr\u00e9sente un d\u00e9fi \u00e0 relever. La virtualisation de la recherche de terrain est en route, comment faire pour qu\u2019elle ne signe pas le retour de la recherche en chambre, dans ce \u00ab cabinet \u00bb autrefois d\u00e9sert\u00e9 par Malinowski ? Comment maintenir la possibilit\u00e9\u0301 d\u2019un regard en pr\u00e9sence, aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s et avec les acteurs sociaux ?<\/p>\nModalit\u00e9s de soumission<\/h2>\nUne intention argument\u00e9e d\u2019environ 5\u00a0000 signes<\/strong> est attendue pour le 28 f\u00e9vrier 2021<\/strong>.<\/p>\nElle pr\u00e9cisera l\u2019objet et le questionnement de recherche, les donn\u00e9es et la m\u00e9thodologie mobilis\u00e9es, comme les enseignements tir\u00e9s, afin de faciliter le travail d\u2019arbitrage.<\/p>\nElle doit \u00eatre adress\u00e9e aux deux coordinatrices du num\u00e9ro : Mathilde.Bourrier@unige.ch<\/a> et Leah.Kimber@unige.ch<\/a><\/p>\nLa notification des propositions pr\u00e9-s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9es sera donn\u00e9e aux auteurs\u00a0mi mars. La remise des textes r\u00e9dig\u00e9s (entre 25\u00a0000 et 35\u00a0000 signes) est fix\u00e9e au\u00a030 mai 2021. La V2 apr\u00e8s \u00e9valuation des articles en double aveugle<\/strong> est attendue pour le 1 octobre 2021.<\/p>\nLa parution du num\u00e9ro\u00a044 \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb aura lieu d\u00e9but 2022.<\/p>\nBibliographie<\/h2>\nBaym, N. (2000). Tune in, Log on : Soaps, Fandom, and Online Community<\/em>. Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage.<\/p>\nBergstr\u00f6m, M. (2019). Les nouvelles lois de l’amour : sexualit\u00e9\u0301, couple et rencontres au temps du num\u00e9rique<\/em>. Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nB\u00e9liard, A. &\u00a0Eideliman, J. (2008). 6 : Au-del\u00e0 de la d\u00e9ontologie : Anonymat et confidentialit\u00e9 dans le travail ethnographique. Dans : Alban Bensa \u00e9d.,\u00a0Les politiques de l’enqu\u00eate<\/em>\u00a0(pp. 123-141). Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nBelton, L., & De Coninck, F. (2007). Des fronti\u00e8res et des liens. R\u00e9seaux<\/em>, (1), 67-100.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2010). Pour une sociologie \u00ab embarqu\u00e9e \u00bb des univers \u00e0 risque ? Tsantsa,<\/em> Revue de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9\u0301 suisse d’Ethnologie<\/em>, (15), 28-37.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2013). Embarquements. Socio-anthropologie<\/em> (dossier \u201cEmbarqu\u00e9s\u201d, dirig\u00e9 par G\u00e9rard Dubey), vol. 27, 21-34.<\/p>\nBroadbent, S. (2016). Intimacy at work : How digital media bring private life to the workplace<\/em> (Vol. 2). Routledge.<\/p>\nCrichton, S. and S. Kinash (2003). \u00ab Virtual ethnography : Interactive interviewing online as method. \u00bb Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology<\/em>\/La revue canadienne de l\u2019apprentissage et de la technologie <\/em>29(2).<\/p>\nFielding, N. G., Lee, R. M., & Blank, G. (Eds.). (2008).\u00a0The SAGE handbook of online research methods<\/em>. Sage.<\/p>\nHine, C. (2015). Ethnography for the internet : Embedded, embodied and everyday<\/em>. Bloomsbury Publishing.<\/p>\nJanghorban, R., Roudsari, R. L., & Taghipour, A. (2014). Skype interviewing : The new generation of online synchronous interview in qualitative research. Int. journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being<\/em>, 9<\/em>(1), 24152.<\/p>\nJohnson, D. R., Scheitle, C. P., & Ecklund, E. H. (2019). Beyond the In-Person Interview ? How Interview Quality Varies Across In-person, Telephone, and Skype Interviews. Social Science Computer Review<\/em>, 0894439319893612.<\/p>\nKilani, M. (1987). L’anthropologie de terrain et le terrain de l’anthropologie. Observation, description et textualisation en anthropologie. R\u00e9seaux. Communication-Technologie-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, 5<\/em>(27), 39-78.<\/p>\nKimber, L. (2020). The Architecture of Exclusion at the United Nations : Analyzing the Inclusion of the Women\u2019s Group in the Negotiations of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/em>. PhD, University of Geneva.<\/p>\nMcKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sfsic.org\/en\/aac-publication\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.sfsic.org\/en\/aac-publication\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"SFSIC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Axelle Martin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Axelle Martin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d3606993477708f4359fb9aeda58df3b\"},\"headline\":\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":3158,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"Anthropologie\",\"M\u00e9thodologie\",\"Pand\u00e9mie\"],\"articleSection\":[\"AAC Publications\",\"Article\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\",\"name\":\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\",\"description\":\"La revue \\\"Socio-Anthropologie\\\" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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Cette mani\u00e8re d’enqu\u00eater au plus pr\u00e8s<\/em> pour aussi constitutive qu’elle soit de nos disciplines s’est d\u00e9j\u00e0 trouv\u00e9e questionn\u00e9e notamment par Mead et M\u00e9traux dans \u00ab The Study of Culture at a Distance \u00bb (1953). Etudier des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s \u00e9teintes (ou en voie d’extinction), enqu\u00eater en temps de guerre, ou simplement rejoindre des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s compl\u00e8tement inaccessibles posaient d\u00e9j\u00e0 de s\u00e9rieux probl\u00e8mes m\u00e9thodologiques aux anthropologues culturels de l’\u00e9poque. Quand l’observation directe et la longue immersion ne sont pas possibles, comment faire ? M\u00eame si les pistes th\u00e9oriques offertes pour \u00e9tudier la culture via l’attention port\u00e9e aux caract\u00e9ristiques psychologiques des peuples par Mead et M\u00e9traux et leur groupe de recherche se sont vues critiquer par la suite (Wallace, 1954), il n’en reste pas moins que la discussion sur le recrutement des \u00ab informants \u00bb, sur l’usage des images, l’\u00e9tude de documents, de films, d’\u0153uvres d’art, de jeux de soci\u00e9t\u00e9, nous donne \u00e0 voir une prolifique cr\u00e9ativit\u00e9. Mead et M\u00e9traux avaient \u00e9galement l’intime conviction que de telles discussions m\u00e9thodologiques allaient \u00eatre certainement reprises \u00e0 nouveau frais dans les d\u00e9cennies \u00e0 venir : \u00ab However this may be, it is certain that for the rest of the 20th century we shall be dealing with types of change that are so rapid and so revolutionary that we shall be in continual need of methods for reconstructing the cultures of a quarter of a century or even ten years<\/em>\u00ab . (p.3)<\/p>\nCes lignes de Mead et M\u00e9traux r\u00e9sonnent \u00e0 nos oreilles 70 ans plus tard. En effet, il nous semble que nos processus d\u2019enqu\u00eate se trouvent bouscul\u00e9s par plusieurs ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes, certains connus et d’autres \u00e9mergents. Tous sont plus ou moins directement reli\u00e9s \u00e0 la question des acc\u00e8s aux terrains d’enqu\u00eate que le\/la chercheur\/se forge et \u00e0 l’actualisation contextuelle de cette question : i) Ainsi dans un premier groupe, on pourrait placer les difficult\u00e9s d’acc\u00e8s physique dans la dur\u00e9e \u00e0 la vie de certaines organisations ou ar\u00e8nes de n\u00e9gociations collectives et la mise \u00e0 distance fr\u00e9quente des chercheur.euses en sciences sociales. Il ne s’agit pas l\u00e0 d’un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne nouveau. Il a donn\u00e9 lieu \u00e0 l’expression de toutes sortes de strat\u00e9gies pour contourner ces difficult\u00e9s ; ii) Dans un second groupe, on peut trouver les d\u00e9fis m\u00e9thodologiques que pose l’\u00e9tude des nombreuses pratiques sociales \u00e0 distance qui se sont d\u00e9j\u00e0 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es au c\u0153ur des institutions et des organisations avec le d\u00e9veloppement du t\u00e9l\u00e9travail, ou de l’enseignement \u00e0 distance en formation continue (McKee, 1999) par exemple, ou encore les loisirs en ligne : les \u00e9tudier en prenant en compte leur d\u00e9ploiement \u00e0 distance r\u00e9clamait d\u00e9j\u00e0 des ajustements m\u00e9thodologiques, sur lesquels nous revenons un peu plus bas ; iii) D’autres sont plus r\u00e9cents et parfois spectaculaires : le basculement de nombre d\u2019organisations dans un fonctionnement en ligne, le passage au t\u00e9l\u00e9travail parfois massif, \u00e0 la tenue de visioconf\u00e9rences permanentes ont partiellement virtualis\u00e9 le fonctionnement d\u2019institutions aussi centrales que l\u2019\u00c9cole, l’Universit\u00e9, la Diplomatie \u00ad- dans les ar\u00e8nes des organisations onusiennes au c\u0153ur des n\u00e9gociations internationales, on parle de \u00ab Zoomplomacy \u00bb, pour qualifier ce basculement vers une forme virtuelle de fonctionnement \u00ad- ou m\u00eame l\u2019\u00c9glise.<\/p>\nConcr\u00e8tement, comment allons-nous faire pour \u00e9tudier les toutes nouvelles dynamiques d\u2019action collective des milieux d’interconnaissance et de travail, qui se d\u00e9roulent d\u00e9sormais \u00e0 distance ? Est-ce qu’il sera suffisant, en imaginant que cela soit possible, de disposer des invitations Zoom, Webex ou Teams et de se glisser en \u00ab observateur \u00bb dans les petites lucarnes ? Ce n\u2019est pas impossible d’obtenir de tels acc\u00e8s, mais on sent bien que la mise \u00e0 distance risque de se renforcer et de devenir la norme. Si l\u2019embedding <\/em>semblait fournir les conditions d’un acc\u00e8s et d\u2019un maintien sur le terrain dans le cadre d’organisations tr\u00e8s d\u00e9fensives (Bourrier, 2010, 2013 ; Kimber, 2020), peut-on imaginer d\u00e9velopper une pratique du \u00ab e-embedding \u00bb ? C\u2019est-\u00e0-dire \u00e9laborer une forme de pratique du miroir pour le ou la chercheur.se : si les acteurs sociaux travaillent depuis leur domicile, le chercheur ne devrait-il pas en faire autant ? Dans la mesure o\u00f9 les acteurs op\u00e8rent \u00e0 distance, il n’y a plus lieu de chercher \u00e0 les observer in situ<\/em>, ou plut\u00f4t le in situ<\/em> devient en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 leur salle de r\u00e9union virtuelle, en permanence ouverte. Quelles seraient alors les conditions d\u2019un e-embedding <\/em>et comment devrions-nous le n\u00e9gocier ?<\/p>\nLes chercheurs et les chercheuses ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chi \u00e0 des m\u00e9thodes alternatives, permettant de capter par d\u2019autres moyens les pratiques sociales. Comme on l’a rappel\u00e9 plus haut, les guerres mondiales du pass\u00e9 ou les conflits qui frappent de nombreux pays compliquent depuis longtemps le travail des anthropologues, des ethnologues et des sociologues. Quoi de neuf, pourrait-on dire ? Cela fait plus de 10 ans qu\u2019il existe une litt\u00e9rature pesant le pour et le contre de la recherche \u00ab en ligne \u00bb (Fielding et al., 2008), et de l\u2019ethnographie dite \u00ab virtuelle \u00bb plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment, dans laquelle s\u2019inscrit typiquement la conduite des entretiens par visioconf\u00e9rence (Johnson et al, 2019 ; Seitz, 2016 ; Janghorban et al.<\/em>, 2014), mais aussi l\u2019analyse de documents par le biais du bureau dit \u00ab virtuel \u00bb (Crichton & Kinash 2003). Si le langage corporel et tous les vagabondages qu\u2019une conversation en face \u00e0 face permet de capter manquent cruellement dans un entretien en visioconf\u00e9rence, il appara\u00eet que d\u2019autres b\u00e9n\u00e9fices peuvent aussi contrebalancer ces manques : la personne est disponible, souvent \u00e0 son domicile \u2013 mais pas uniquement \u2013 , elle n\u2019est pas interrompue par ses coll\u00e8gues \u2013 mais le sera peut-\u00eatre par ses enfants \u2013, elle est concentr\u00e9e sur les questions de l\u2019interviewer \u2013 en partie d’ailleurs car le dispositif technique n’est pas toujours tr\u00e8s robuste et que le son ou l’image vacillent. Ces entretiens via visioconf\u00e9rence permettent aussi de rencontrer des personnes, localis\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger qu\u2019il n\u2019est pas facile de joindre \u00e0 leurs bureaux du fait du d\u00e9calage horaire ou \u00e9loign\u00e9es g\u00e9ographiquement tout simplement des chercheur.ses.<\/p>\nCertains travaux autour des pratiques digitales notamment (Hine, 2015) et\/ou favorisant des collectes hybrides ou mixtes montrent d\u00e9j\u00e0\u0300 la voie. \u00c0 cet \u00e9gard, les travaux issus des digital ethnographies <\/em>o\u00f9 les chercheurs s’engagent avec des personnes en ligne, interviewent les utilisateurs de technologies ou demandent \u00e0 ces derniers de prendre des images qu’ils publient en ligne repr\u00e9sentent peut-\u00eatre une voie palliative praticable pour de nombreuses collectes (Pink 2016). De m\u00eame, l\u2019observation de pratiques en ligne (Baym, 2000) ou l\u2019utilisation de donn\u00e9es de masse c\u00e9d\u00e9es par des op\u00e9rateurs et rendues totalement anonymes (Cf. par exemple l\u2019utilisation des donn\u00e9es de masse de Meetic<\/em> par Marie Bergstr\u00f6m, 2019), pourraient venir enrichir consid\u00e9rablement le portfolio des m\u00e9thodes immersives plus traditionnelles.<\/p>\nDans la mesure o\u00f9 de nombreuses pratiques sociales se d\u00e9roulent majoritairement en ligne, comment \u00e9tablir les bases m\u00e9thodologiques pour monter des enqu\u00eates techniquement faisables, scientifiquement solides, socialement accept\u00e9es et \u00e9thiquement valides ? D\u00e9sormais, de nombreux chercheur.ses consid\u00e8rent que les \u00e9changes en ligne constituent en eux-m\u00eames les terrains d\u2019enqu\u00eate, et que c\u2019est donc au travers de m\u00e9thodologies d\u2019observation et d\u2019\u00e9change en ligne qu\u2019ils convient de les explorer. Mais que se passe-t-il quand ce sont des pans entiers de la vie sociale (l\u2019\u00e9cole, le travail, le sport, la pratique religieuse….) qui basculent en ligne ? Cela engage-t-il un nouvel agenda de recherche s\u2019int\u00e9ressant de mani\u00e8re privil\u00e9gi\u00e9e aux pratiques de toutes natures sur internet ? Par ailleurs, un basculement en ligne de la recherche pousse-t-il \u00e0 repenser la d\u00e9ontologie-m\u00eame du m\u00e9tier de chercheur en sciences sociales ? Sachant que dans certains pays, les questions d\u00e9ontologiques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 collectivement prises en consid\u00e9ration par les chercheurs, les universit\u00e9s et les organismes financeurs, par la r\u00e9daction de codes \u00e9thiques sur lesquels s\u2019appuient des instances de contr\u00f4le (B\u00e9liard et Eideliman, 2008), l\u2019adaptation de certaines pratiques appelle-t-elle \u00e0 collectivement repenser les codes \u00e9thiques\u00a0pour les activit\u00e9s en ligne (Tene et Polonetsky, 2016) ?<\/p>\nDe surcroit, ces pratiques d\u2019interview \u00e0 distance par exemple se sont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es dans un double contexte de r\u00e9duction et\/ou d\u2019optimisation des frais de collecte de donn\u00e9es et de sensibilisation dans les institutions acad\u00e9miques \u00e0 l\u2019empreinte carbone de la recherche, ce qui inclut les voyages, les conf\u00e9rences \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger ainsi que la r\u00e9alisation des terrains d\u2019enqu\u00eate et des campagnes d\u2019entretiens ou d\u2019observation par exemple. Ce contexte pr\u00e9existe \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie et il y a fort \u00e0 parier que les pr\u00e9occupations environnementales et la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de conduire une grande partie du travail de terrain \u00e0 distance vont perdurer. La mise au point de pratiques de recherche durables constitue un point de discussion saillante dans les laboratoires, centres et d\u00e9partements acad\u00e9miques.<\/p>\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la technologie pourrait-il v\u00e9ritablement constituer une voie possible et \u00e0 quelles conditions ? Si l\u2019on voit bien comment l\u2019entretien peut facilement basculer d’un mode en face \u00e0 face \u00e0 un mode \u00e0 distance (ce qui n\u2019est pas sans poser de questions mais on le fait d\u00e9j\u00e0), l\u2019observation des pratiques dans leur milieu naturel d\u2019occurrence est rendue beaucoup plus difficile sans mettre \u00e0 mal le projet scientifique m\u00eame d\u2019une ethnographie. Par exemple, on ne saura plus rien des interactions spontan\u00e9es entre les acteurs, ce qui est toujours une source importante de donn\u00e9es. La distance du chercheur par rapport \u00e0 son objet est en elle-m\u00eame une question tr\u00e8s travaill\u00e9e, mais il s\u2019agit d\u2019autre chose ici, il s’agit d\u2019une distance technologiquement construite. Car comment faire pour maintenir l\u2019essence m\u00eame de notre travail d\u2019enqu\u00eate, qui est de comprendre et de rester au plus pr\u00e8s de la mani\u00e8re dont les acteurs sociaux produisent et s\u2019arrangent des conditions dans lesquelles ils se trouvent si nous sommes emp\u00each\u00e9s de demeurer aupr\u00e8s d\u2019eux ? Quelles adaptations doivent \u00eatre entreprises ? Les historiens ont \u00e9t\u00e9 amen\u00e9s par exemple \u00e0 d\u00e9laisser le papier pour des formes dites \u00ab num\u00e9riques \u00bb, qui transforment les fa\u00e7ons de proc\u00e9der des chercheurs autant que l\u2019\u00e9tude de leurs mani\u00e8res de faire (Roustan, 2016).L\u2019enqu\u00eate \u00e0 distance repr\u00e9sente-t-elle, alors, une nouvelle \u00e9tape de \u00ab rapatriation \u00bb pour l\u2019anthropologue (Kilani, 1987), cette fois au plus pr\u00e8s de la vie sur \u00e9cran, puisque c\u2019est d\u00e9sormais l\u00e0 que nos probl\u00e9matiques de recherche doivent s\u2019appr\u00e9hender\u00a0ou est-elle un d\u00e9fi peut-\u00eatre momentan\u00e9, li\u00e9 \u00e0 un certain contexte, que l\u2019anthropologie et la sociologie doivent \u00eatre capables de surmonter ? En tout cas elle repose, aux sciences sociales, les questions du lointain, du d\u00e9tour ou de la comparaison internationale.<\/p>\nA travers cet appel, nous recherchons la soumission de textes, adoss\u00e9s \u00e0 des exp\u00e9riences de terrain, m\u00eame contrari\u00e9es, qui reviennent sur la question de l\u2019enrichissement des collectes, sur des alternatives aux collectes plus traditionnelles et sur les dilemmes que l\u2019enqu\u00eate \u00e0 distance ne manque pas de poser. Ainsi, on pourra s’interroger sur un apparent paradoxe : tandis que l’on est contraint d’enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance, on se retrouve aussi plong\u00e9 davantage dans l’intimit\u00e9 de nos interlocuteurs\/trices par le biais des (nouvelles) technologies de communication. La porosit\u00e9 entre les temps de travail et les temps personnels ou familiaux a d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 abord\u00e9 \u00e0 la faveur des premi\u00e8res enqu\u00eates sur le t\u00e9l\u00e9travail dans les ann\u00e9es 1990 et 2000 (Metzger & Cleach, 2004 ; Belton & de Coninck, 2007 ; Broadbent, 2016). Aujourd’hui cette porosit\u00e9 s’expose au plein jour des cam\u00e9ras des ordinateurs. Dans le m\u00eame temps, malgr\u00e9 cette nouvelle proximit\u00e9 avec nos interlocuteurs\/trices, ne court-on pas le risque d’un progressif aveuglement et d’une perte de connaissances sur les dynamiques ancr\u00e9es des mondes sociaux. Pour autant, il nous appara\u00eet que dans la mesure o\u00f9 le d\u00e9ploiement des pratiques en ligne est d\u00e9sormais sans fin, d\u00e9velopper de nouvelles m\u00e9thodologies d’enqu\u00eate repr\u00e9sente un d\u00e9fi \u00e0 relever. La virtualisation de la recherche de terrain est en route, comment faire pour qu\u2019elle ne signe pas le retour de la recherche en chambre, dans ce \u00ab cabinet \u00bb autrefois d\u00e9sert\u00e9 par Malinowski ? Comment maintenir la possibilit\u00e9\u0301 d\u2019un regard en pr\u00e9sence, aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s et avec les acteurs sociaux ?<\/p>\nModalit\u00e9s de soumission<\/h2>\nUne intention argument\u00e9e d\u2019environ 5\u00a0000 signes<\/strong> est attendue pour le 28 f\u00e9vrier 2021<\/strong>.<\/p>\nElle pr\u00e9cisera l\u2019objet et le questionnement de recherche, les donn\u00e9es et la m\u00e9thodologie mobilis\u00e9es, comme les enseignements tir\u00e9s, afin de faciliter le travail d\u2019arbitrage.<\/p>\nElle doit \u00eatre adress\u00e9e aux deux coordinatrices du num\u00e9ro : Mathilde.Bourrier@unige.ch<\/a> et Leah.Kimber@unige.ch<\/a><\/p>\nLa notification des propositions pr\u00e9-s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9es sera donn\u00e9e aux auteurs\u00a0mi mars. La remise des textes r\u00e9dig\u00e9s (entre 25\u00a0000 et 35\u00a0000 signes) est fix\u00e9e au\u00a030 mai 2021. La V2 apr\u00e8s \u00e9valuation des articles en double aveugle<\/strong> est attendue pour le 1 octobre 2021.<\/p>\nLa parution du num\u00e9ro\u00a044 \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb aura lieu d\u00e9but 2022.<\/p>\nBibliographie<\/h2>\nBaym, N. (2000). Tune in, Log on : Soaps, Fandom, and Online Community<\/em>. Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage.<\/p>\nBergstr\u00f6m, M. (2019). Les nouvelles lois de l’amour : sexualit\u00e9\u0301, couple et rencontres au temps du num\u00e9rique<\/em>. Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nB\u00e9liard, A. &\u00a0Eideliman, J. (2008). 6 : Au-del\u00e0 de la d\u00e9ontologie : Anonymat et confidentialit\u00e9 dans le travail ethnographique. Dans : Alban Bensa \u00e9d.,\u00a0Les politiques de l’enqu\u00eate<\/em>\u00a0(pp. 123-141). Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nBelton, L., & De Coninck, F. (2007). Des fronti\u00e8res et des liens. R\u00e9seaux<\/em>, (1), 67-100.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2010). Pour une sociologie \u00ab embarqu\u00e9e \u00bb des univers \u00e0 risque ? Tsantsa,<\/em> Revue de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9\u0301 suisse d’Ethnologie<\/em>, (15), 28-37.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2013). Embarquements. Socio-anthropologie<\/em> (dossier \u201cEmbarqu\u00e9s\u201d, dirig\u00e9 par G\u00e9rard Dubey), vol. 27, 21-34.<\/p>\nBroadbent, S. (2016). Intimacy at work : How digital media bring private life to the workplace<\/em> (Vol. 2). Routledge.<\/p>\nCrichton, S. and S. Kinash (2003). \u00ab Virtual ethnography : Interactive interviewing online as method. \u00bb Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology<\/em>\/La revue canadienne de l\u2019apprentissage et de la technologie <\/em>29(2).<\/p>\nFielding, N. G., Lee, R. M., & Blank, G. (Eds.). (2008).\u00a0The SAGE handbook of online research methods<\/em>. Sage.<\/p>\nHine, C. (2015). Ethnography for the internet : Embedded, embodied and everyday<\/em>. Bloomsbury Publishing.<\/p>\nJanghorban, R., Roudsari, R. L., & Taghipour, A. (2014). Skype interviewing : The new generation of online synchronous interview in qualitative research. Int. journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being<\/em>, 9<\/em>(1), 24152.<\/p>\nJohnson, D. R., Scheitle, C. P., & Ecklund, E. H. (2019). Beyond the In-Person Interview ? How Interview Quality Varies Across In-person, Telephone, and Skype Interviews. Social Science Computer Review<\/em>, 0894439319893612.<\/p>\nKilani, M. (1987). L’anthropologie de terrain et le terrain de l’anthropologie. Observation, description et textualisation en anthropologie. R\u00e9seaux. Communication-Technologie-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, 5<\/em>(27), 39-78.<\/p>\nKimber, L. (2020). The Architecture of Exclusion at the United Nations : Analyzing the Inclusion of the Women\u2019s Group in the Negotiations of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/em>. PhD, University of Geneva.<\/p>\nMcKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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Ces lignes de Mead et M\u00e9traux r\u00e9sonnent \u00e0 nos oreilles 70 ans plus tard. En effet, il nous semble que nos processus d\u2019enqu\u00eate se trouvent bouscul\u00e9s par plusieurs ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes, certains connus et d’autres \u00e9mergents. Tous sont plus ou moins directement reli\u00e9s \u00e0 la question des acc\u00e8s aux terrains d’enqu\u00eate que le\/la chercheur\/se forge et \u00e0 l’actualisation contextuelle de cette question : i) Ainsi dans un premier groupe, on pourrait placer les difficult\u00e9s d’acc\u00e8s physique dans la dur\u00e9e \u00e0 la vie de certaines organisations ou ar\u00e8nes de n\u00e9gociations collectives et la mise \u00e0 distance fr\u00e9quente des chercheur.euses en sciences sociales. Il ne s’agit pas l\u00e0 d’un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne nouveau. Il a donn\u00e9 lieu \u00e0 l’expression de toutes sortes de strat\u00e9gies pour contourner ces difficult\u00e9s ; ii) Dans un second groupe, on peut trouver les d\u00e9fis m\u00e9thodologiques que pose l’\u00e9tude des nombreuses pratiques sociales \u00e0 distance qui se sont d\u00e9j\u00e0 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es au c\u0153ur des institutions et des organisations avec le d\u00e9veloppement du t\u00e9l\u00e9travail, ou de l’enseignement \u00e0 distance en formation continue (McKee, 1999) par exemple, ou encore les loisirs en ligne : les \u00e9tudier en prenant en compte leur d\u00e9ploiement \u00e0 distance r\u00e9clamait d\u00e9j\u00e0 des ajustements m\u00e9thodologiques, sur lesquels nous revenons un peu plus bas ; iii) D’autres sont plus r\u00e9cents et parfois spectaculaires : le basculement de nombre d\u2019organisations dans un fonctionnement en ligne, le passage au t\u00e9l\u00e9travail parfois massif, \u00e0 la tenue de visioconf\u00e9rences permanentes ont partiellement virtualis\u00e9 le fonctionnement d\u2019institutions aussi centrales que l\u2019\u00c9cole, l’Universit\u00e9, la Diplomatie \u00ad- dans les ar\u00e8nes des organisations onusiennes au c\u0153ur des n\u00e9gociations internationales, on parle de \u00ab Zoomplomacy \u00bb, pour qualifier ce basculement vers une forme virtuelle de fonctionnement \u00ad- ou m\u00eame l\u2019\u00c9glise.<\/p>\n
Concr\u00e8tement, comment allons-nous faire pour \u00e9tudier les toutes nouvelles dynamiques d\u2019action collective des milieux d’interconnaissance et de travail, qui se d\u00e9roulent d\u00e9sormais \u00e0 distance ? Est-ce qu’il sera suffisant, en imaginant que cela soit possible, de disposer des invitations Zoom, Webex ou Teams et de se glisser en \u00ab observateur \u00bb dans les petites lucarnes ? Ce n\u2019est pas impossible d’obtenir de tels acc\u00e8s, mais on sent bien que la mise \u00e0 distance risque de se renforcer et de devenir la norme. Si l\u2019embedding <\/em>semblait fournir les conditions d’un acc\u00e8s et d\u2019un maintien sur le terrain dans le cadre d’organisations tr\u00e8s d\u00e9fensives (Bourrier, 2010, 2013 ; Kimber, 2020), peut-on imaginer d\u00e9velopper une pratique du \u00ab e-embedding \u00bb ? C\u2019est-\u00e0-dire \u00e9laborer une forme de pratique du miroir pour le ou la chercheur.se : si les acteurs sociaux travaillent depuis leur domicile, le chercheur ne devrait-il pas en faire autant ? Dans la mesure o\u00f9 les acteurs op\u00e8rent \u00e0 distance, il n’y a plus lieu de chercher \u00e0 les observer in situ<\/em>, ou plut\u00f4t le in situ<\/em> devient en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 leur salle de r\u00e9union virtuelle, en permanence ouverte. Quelles seraient alors les conditions d\u2019un e-embedding <\/em>et comment devrions-nous le n\u00e9gocier ?<\/p>\nLes chercheurs et les chercheuses ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chi \u00e0 des m\u00e9thodes alternatives, permettant de capter par d\u2019autres moyens les pratiques sociales. Comme on l’a rappel\u00e9 plus haut, les guerres mondiales du pass\u00e9 ou les conflits qui frappent de nombreux pays compliquent depuis longtemps le travail des anthropologues, des ethnologues et des sociologues. Quoi de neuf, pourrait-on dire ? Cela fait plus de 10 ans qu\u2019il existe une litt\u00e9rature pesant le pour et le contre de la recherche \u00ab en ligne \u00bb (Fielding et al., 2008), et de l\u2019ethnographie dite \u00ab virtuelle \u00bb plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment, dans laquelle s\u2019inscrit typiquement la conduite des entretiens par visioconf\u00e9rence (Johnson et al, 2019 ; Seitz, 2016 ; Janghorban et al.<\/em>, 2014), mais aussi l\u2019analyse de documents par le biais du bureau dit \u00ab virtuel \u00bb (Crichton & Kinash 2003). Si le langage corporel et tous les vagabondages qu\u2019une conversation en face \u00e0 face permet de capter manquent cruellement dans un entretien en visioconf\u00e9rence, il appara\u00eet que d\u2019autres b\u00e9n\u00e9fices peuvent aussi contrebalancer ces manques : la personne est disponible, souvent \u00e0 son domicile \u2013 mais pas uniquement \u2013 , elle n\u2019est pas interrompue par ses coll\u00e8gues \u2013 mais le sera peut-\u00eatre par ses enfants \u2013, elle est concentr\u00e9e sur les questions de l\u2019interviewer \u2013 en partie d’ailleurs car le dispositif technique n’est pas toujours tr\u00e8s robuste et que le son ou l’image vacillent. Ces entretiens via visioconf\u00e9rence permettent aussi de rencontrer des personnes, localis\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger qu\u2019il n\u2019est pas facile de joindre \u00e0 leurs bureaux du fait du d\u00e9calage horaire ou \u00e9loign\u00e9es g\u00e9ographiquement tout simplement des chercheur.ses.<\/p>\nCertains travaux autour des pratiques digitales notamment (Hine, 2015) et\/ou favorisant des collectes hybrides ou mixtes montrent d\u00e9j\u00e0\u0300 la voie. \u00c0 cet \u00e9gard, les travaux issus des digital ethnographies <\/em>o\u00f9 les chercheurs s’engagent avec des personnes en ligne, interviewent les utilisateurs de technologies ou demandent \u00e0 ces derniers de prendre des images qu’ils publient en ligne repr\u00e9sentent peut-\u00eatre une voie palliative praticable pour de nombreuses collectes (Pink 2016). De m\u00eame, l\u2019observation de pratiques en ligne (Baym, 2000) ou l\u2019utilisation de donn\u00e9es de masse c\u00e9d\u00e9es par des op\u00e9rateurs et rendues totalement anonymes (Cf. par exemple l\u2019utilisation des donn\u00e9es de masse de Meetic<\/em> par Marie Bergstr\u00f6m, 2019), pourraient venir enrichir consid\u00e9rablement le portfolio des m\u00e9thodes immersives plus traditionnelles.<\/p>\nDans la mesure o\u00f9 de nombreuses pratiques sociales se d\u00e9roulent majoritairement en ligne, comment \u00e9tablir les bases m\u00e9thodologiques pour monter des enqu\u00eates techniquement faisables, scientifiquement solides, socialement accept\u00e9es et \u00e9thiquement valides ? D\u00e9sormais, de nombreux chercheur.ses consid\u00e8rent que les \u00e9changes en ligne constituent en eux-m\u00eames les terrains d\u2019enqu\u00eate, et que c\u2019est donc au travers de m\u00e9thodologies d\u2019observation et d\u2019\u00e9change en ligne qu\u2019ils convient de les explorer. Mais que se passe-t-il quand ce sont des pans entiers de la vie sociale (l\u2019\u00e9cole, le travail, le sport, la pratique religieuse….) qui basculent en ligne ? Cela engage-t-il un nouvel agenda de recherche s\u2019int\u00e9ressant de mani\u00e8re privil\u00e9gi\u00e9e aux pratiques de toutes natures sur internet ? Par ailleurs, un basculement en ligne de la recherche pousse-t-il \u00e0 repenser la d\u00e9ontologie-m\u00eame du m\u00e9tier de chercheur en sciences sociales ? Sachant que dans certains pays, les questions d\u00e9ontologiques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 collectivement prises en consid\u00e9ration par les chercheurs, les universit\u00e9s et les organismes financeurs, par la r\u00e9daction de codes \u00e9thiques sur lesquels s\u2019appuient des instances de contr\u00f4le (B\u00e9liard et Eideliman, 2008), l\u2019adaptation de certaines pratiques appelle-t-elle \u00e0 collectivement repenser les codes \u00e9thiques\u00a0pour les activit\u00e9s en ligne (Tene et Polonetsky, 2016) ?<\/p>\nDe surcroit, ces pratiques d\u2019interview \u00e0 distance par exemple se sont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es dans un double contexte de r\u00e9duction et\/ou d\u2019optimisation des frais de collecte de donn\u00e9es et de sensibilisation dans les institutions acad\u00e9miques \u00e0 l\u2019empreinte carbone de la recherche, ce qui inclut les voyages, les conf\u00e9rences \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger ainsi que la r\u00e9alisation des terrains d\u2019enqu\u00eate et des campagnes d\u2019entretiens ou d\u2019observation par exemple. Ce contexte pr\u00e9existe \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie et il y a fort \u00e0 parier que les pr\u00e9occupations environnementales et la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de conduire une grande partie du travail de terrain \u00e0 distance vont perdurer. La mise au point de pratiques de recherche durables constitue un point de discussion saillante dans les laboratoires, centres et d\u00e9partements acad\u00e9miques.<\/p>\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la technologie pourrait-il v\u00e9ritablement constituer une voie possible et \u00e0 quelles conditions ? Si l\u2019on voit bien comment l\u2019entretien peut facilement basculer d’un mode en face \u00e0 face \u00e0 un mode \u00e0 distance (ce qui n\u2019est pas sans poser de questions mais on le fait d\u00e9j\u00e0), l\u2019observation des pratiques dans leur milieu naturel d\u2019occurrence est rendue beaucoup plus difficile sans mettre \u00e0 mal le projet scientifique m\u00eame d\u2019une ethnographie. Par exemple, on ne saura plus rien des interactions spontan\u00e9es entre les acteurs, ce qui est toujours une source importante de donn\u00e9es. La distance du chercheur par rapport \u00e0 son objet est en elle-m\u00eame une question tr\u00e8s travaill\u00e9e, mais il s\u2019agit d\u2019autre chose ici, il s’agit d\u2019une distance technologiquement construite. Car comment faire pour maintenir l\u2019essence m\u00eame de notre travail d\u2019enqu\u00eate, qui est de comprendre et de rester au plus pr\u00e8s de la mani\u00e8re dont les acteurs sociaux produisent et s\u2019arrangent des conditions dans lesquelles ils se trouvent si nous sommes emp\u00each\u00e9s de demeurer aupr\u00e8s d\u2019eux ? Quelles adaptations doivent \u00eatre entreprises ? Les historiens ont \u00e9t\u00e9 amen\u00e9s par exemple \u00e0 d\u00e9laisser le papier pour des formes dites \u00ab num\u00e9riques \u00bb, qui transforment les fa\u00e7ons de proc\u00e9der des chercheurs autant que l\u2019\u00e9tude de leurs mani\u00e8res de faire (Roustan, 2016).L\u2019enqu\u00eate \u00e0 distance repr\u00e9sente-t-elle, alors, une nouvelle \u00e9tape de \u00ab rapatriation \u00bb pour l\u2019anthropologue (Kilani, 1987), cette fois au plus pr\u00e8s de la vie sur \u00e9cran, puisque c\u2019est d\u00e9sormais l\u00e0 que nos probl\u00e9matiques de recherche doivent s\u2019appr\u00e9hender\u00a0ou est-elle un d\u00e9fi peut-\u00eatre momentan\u00e9, li\u00e9 \u00e0 un certain contexte, que l\u2019anthropologie et la sociologie doivent \u00eatre capables de surmonter ? En tout cas elle repose, aux sciences sociales, les questions du lointain, du d\u00e9tour ou de la comparaison internationale.<\/p>\nA travers cet appel, nous recherchons la soumission de textes, adoss\u00e9s \u00e0 des exp\u00e9riences de terrain, m\u00eame contrari\u00e9es, qui reviennent sur la question de l\u2019enrichissement des collectes, sur des alternatives aux collectes plus traditionnelles et sur les dilemmes que l\u2019enqu\u00eate \u00e0 distance ne manque pas de poser. Ainsi, on pourra s’interroger sur un apparent paradoxe : tandis que l’on est contraint d’enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance, on se retrouve aussi plong\u00e9 davantage dans l’intimit\u00e9 de nos interlocuteurs\/trices par le biais des (nouvelles) technologies de communication. La porosit\u00e9 entre les temps de travail et les temps personnels ou familiaux a d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 abord\u00e9 \u00e0 la faveur des premi\u00e8res enqu\u00eates sur le t\u00e9l\u00e9travail dans les ann\u00e9es 1990 et 2000 (Metzger & Cleach, 2004 ; Belton & de Coninck, 2007 ; Broadbent, 2016). Aujourd’hui cette porosit\u00e9 s’expose au plein jour des cam\u00e9ras des ordinateurs. Dans le m\u00eame temps, malgr\u00e9 cette nouvelle proximit\u00e9 avec nos interlocuteurs\/trices, ne court-on pas le risque d’un progressif aveuglement et d’une perte de connaissances sur les dynamiques ancr\u00e9es des mondes sociaux. Pour autant, il nous appara\u00eet que dans la mesure o\u00f9 le d\u00e9ploiement des pratiques en ligne est d\u00e9sormais sans fin, d\u00e9velopper de nouvelles m\u00e9thodologies d’enqu\u00eate repr\u00e9sente un d\u00e9fi \u00e0 relever. La virtualisation de la recherche de terrain est en route, comment faire pour qu\u2019elle ne signe pas le retour de la recherche en chambre, dans ce \u00ab cabinet \u00bb autrefois d\u00e9sert\u00e9 par Malinowski ? Comment maintenir la possibilit\u00e9\u0301 d\u2019un regard en pr\u00e9sence, aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s et avec les acteurs sociaux ?<\/p>\nModalit\u00e9s de soumission<\/h2>\nUne intention argument\u00e9e d\u2019environ 5\u00a0000 signes<\/strong> est attendue pour le 28 f\u00e9vrier 2021<\/strong>.<\/p>\nElle pr\u00e9cisera l\u2019objet et le questionnement de recherche, les donn\u00e9es et la m\u00e9thodologie mobilis\u00e9es, comme les enseignements tir\u00e9s, afin de faciliter le travail d\u2019arbitrage.<\/p>\nElle doit \u00eatre adress\u00e9e aux deux coordinatrices du num\u00e9ro : Mathilde.Bourrier@unige.ch<\/a> et Leah.Kimber@unige.ch<\/a><\/p>\nLa notification des propositions pr\u00e9-s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9es sera donn\u00e9e aux auteurs\u00a0mi mars. La remise des textes r\u00e9dig\u00e9s (entre 25\u00a0000 et 35\u00a0000 signes) est fix\u00e9e au\u00a030 mai 2021. La V2 apr\u00e8s \u00e9valuation des articles en double aveugle<\/strong> est attendue pour le 1 octobre 2021.<\/p>\nLa parution du num\u00e9ro\u00a044 \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb aura lieu d\u00e9but 2022.<\/p>\nBibliographie<\/h2>\nBaym, N. (2000). Tune in, Log on : Soaps, Fandom, and Online Community<\/em>. Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage.<\/p>\nBergstr\u00f6m, M. (2019). Les nouvelles lois de l’amour : sexualit\u00e9\u0301, couple et rencontres au temps du num\u00e9rique<\/em>. Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nB\u00e9liard, A. &\u00a0Eideliman, J. (2008). 6 : Au-del\u00e0 de la d\u00e9ontologie : Anonymat et confidentialit\u00e9 dans le travail ethnographique. Dans : Alban Bensa \u00e9d.,\u00a0Les politiques de l’enqu\u00eate<\/em>\u00a0(pp. 123-141). Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nBelton, L., & De Coninck, F. (2007). Des fronti\u00e8res et des liens. R\u00e9seaux<\/em>, (1), 67-100.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2010). Pour une sociologie \u00ab embarqu\u00e9e \u00bb des univers \u00e0 risque ? Tsantsa,<\/em> Revue de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9\u0301 suisse d’Ethnologie<\/em>, (15), 28-37.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2013). Embarquements. Socio-anthropologie<\/em> (dossier \u201cEmbarqu\u00e9s\u201d, dirig\u00e9 par G\u00e9rard Dubey), vol. 27, 21-34.<\/p>\nBroadbent, S. (2016). Intimacy at work : How digital media bring private life to the workplace<\/em> (Vol. 2). Routledge.<\/p>\nCrichton, S. and S. Kinash (2003). \u00ab Virtual ethnography : Interactive interviewing online as method. \u00bb Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology<\/em>\/La revue canadienne de l\u2019apprentissage et de la technologie <\/em>29(2).<\/p>\nFielding, N. G., Lee, R. M., & Blank, G. (Eds.). (2008).\u00a0The SAGE handbook of online research methods<\/em>. Sage.<\/p>\nHine, C. (2015). Ethnography for the internet : Embedded, embodied and everyday<\/em>. Bloomsbury Publishing.<\/p>\nJanghorban, R., Roudsari, R. L., & Taghipour, A. (2014). Skype interviewing : The new generation of online synchronous interview in qualitative research. Int. journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being<\/em>, 9<\/em>(1), 24152.<\/p>\nJohnson, D. R., Scheitle, C. P., & Ecklund, E. H. (2019). Beyond the In-Person Interview ? How Interview Quality Varies Across In-person, Telephone, and Skype Interviews. Social Science Computer Review<\/em>, 0894439319893612.<\/p>\nKilani, M. (1987). L’anthropologie de terrain et le terrain de l’anthropologie. Observation, description et textualisation en anthropologie. R\u00e9seaux. Communication-Technologie-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, 5<\/em>(27), 39-78.<\/p>\nKimber, L. (2020). The Architecture of Exclusion at the United Nations : Analyzing the Inclusion of the Women\u2019s Group in the Negotiations of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/em>. PhD, University of Geneva.<\/p>\nMcKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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Les chercheurs et les chercheuses ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chi \u00e0 des m\u00e9thodes alternatives, permettant de capter par d\u2019autres moyens les pratiques sociales. Comme on l’a rappel\u00e9 plus haut, les guerres mondiales du pass\u00e9 ou les conflits qui frappent de nombreux pays compliquent depuis longtemps le travail des anthropologues, des ethnologues et des sociologues. Quoi de neuf, pourrait-on dire ? Cela fait plus de 10 ans qu\u2019il existe une litt\u00e9rature pesant le pour et le contre de la recherche \u00ab en ligne \u00bb (Fielding et al., 2008), et de l\u2019ethnographie dite \u00ab virtuelle \u00bb plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment, dans laquelle s\u2019inscrit typiquement la conduite des entretiens par visioconf\u00e9rence (Johnson et al, 2019 ; Seitz, 2016 ; Janghorban et al.<\/em>, 2014), mais aussi l\u2019analyse de documents par le biais du bureau dit \u00ab virtuel \u00bb (Crichton & Kinash 2003). Si le langage corporel et tous les vagabondages qu\u2019une conversation en face \u00e0 face permet de capter manquent cruellement dans un entretien en visioconf\u00e9rence, il appara\u00eet que d\u2019autres b\u00e9n\u00e9fices peuvent aussi contrebalancer ces manques : la personne est disponible, souvent \u00e0 son domicile \u2013 mais pas uniquement \u2013 , elle n\u2019est pas interrompue par ses coll\u00e8gues \u2013 mais le sera peut-\u00eatre par ses enfants \u2013, elle est concentr\u00e9e sur les questions de l\u2019interviewer \u2013 en partie d’ailleurs car le dispositif technique n’est pas toujours tr\u00e8s robuste et que le son ou l’image vacillent. Ces entretiens via visioconf\u00e9rence permettent aussi de rencontrer des personnes, localis\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger qu\u2019il n\u2019est pas facile de joindre \u00e0 leurs bureaux du fait du d\u00e9calage horaire ou \u00e9loign\u00e9es g\u00e9ographiquement tout simplement des chercheur.ses.<\/p>\nCertains travaux autour des pratiques digitales notamment (Hine, 2015) et\/ou favorisant des collectes hybrides ou mixtes montrent d\u00e9j\u00e0\u0300 la voie. \u00c0 cet \u00e9gard, les travaux issus des digital ethnographies <\/em>o\u00f9 les chercheurs s’engagent avec des personnes en ligne, interviewent les utilisateurs de technologies ou demandent \u00e0 ces derniers de prendre des images qu’ils publient en ligne repr\u00e9sentent peut-\u00eatre une voie palliative praticable pour de nombreuses collectes (Pink 2016). De m\u00eame, l\u2019observation de pratiques en ligne (Baym, 2000) ou l\u2019utilisation de donn\u00e9es de masse c\u00e9d\u00e9es par des op\u00e9rateurs et rendues totalement anonymes (Cf. par exemple l\u2019utilisation des donn\u00e9es de masse de Meetic<\/em> par Marie Bergstr\u00f6m, 2019), pourraient venir enrichir consid\u00e9rablement le portfolio des m\u00e9thodes immersives plus traditionnelles.<\/p>\nDans la mesure o\u00f9 de nombreuses pratiques sociales se d\u00e9roulent majoritairement en ligne, comment \u00e9tablir les bases m\u00e9thodologiques pour monter des enqu\u00eates techniquement faisables, scientifiquement solides, socialement accept\u00e9es et \u00e9thiquement valides ? D\u00e9sormais, de nombreux chercheur.ses consid\u00e8rent que les \u00e9changes en ligne constituent en eux-m\u00eames les terrains d\u2019enqu\u00eate, et que c\u2019est donc au travers de m\u00e9thodologies d\u2019observation et d\u2019\u00e9change en ligne qu\u2019ils convient de les explorer. Mais que se passe-t-il quand ce sont des pans entiers de la vie sociale (l\u2019\u00e9cole, le travail, le sport, la pratique religieuse….) qui basculent en ligne ? Cela engage-t-il un nouvel agenda de recherche s\u2019int\u00e9ressant de mani\u00e8re privil\u00e9gi\u00e9e aux pratiques de toutes natures sur internet ? Par ailleurs, un basculement en ligne de la recherche pousse-t-il \u00e0 repenser la d\u00e9ontologie-m\u00eame du m\u00e9tier de chercheur en sciences sociales ? Sachant que dans certains pays, les questions d\u00e9ontologiques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 collectivement prises en consid\u00e9ration par les chercheurs, les universit\u00e9s et les organismes financeurs, par la r\u00e9daction de codes \u00e9thiques sur lesquels s\u2019appuient des instances de contr\u00f4le (B\u00e9liard et Eideliman, 2008), l\u2019adaptation de certaines pratiques appelle-t-elle \u00e0 collectivement repenser les codes \u00e9thiques\u00a0pour les activit\u00e9s en ligne (Tene et Polonetsky, 2016) ?<\/p>\nDe surcroit, ces pratiques d\u2019interview \u00e0 distance par exemple se sont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es dans un double contexte de r\u00e9duction et\/ou d\u2019optimisation des frais de collecte de donn\u00e9es et de sensibilisation dans les institutions acad\u00e9miques \u00e0 l\u2019empreinte carbone de la recherche, ce qui inclut les voyages, les conf\u00e9rences \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger ainsi que la r\u00e9alisation des terrains d\u2019enqu\u00eate et des campagnes d\u2019entretiens ou d\u2019observation par exemple. Ce contexte pr\u00e9existe \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie et il y a fort \u00e0 parier que les pr\u00e9occupations environnementales et la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de conduire une grande partie du travail de terrain \u00e0 distance vont perdurer. La mise au point de pratiques de recherche durables constitue un point de discussion saillante dans les laboratoires, centres et d\u00e9partements acad\u00e9miques.<\/p>\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la technologie pourrait-il v\u00e9ritablement constituer une voie possible et \u00e0 quelles conditions ? Si l\u2019on voit bien comment l\u2019entretien peut facilement basculer d’un mode en face \u00e0 face \u00e0 un mode \u00e0 distance (ce qui n\u2019est pas sans poser de questions mais on le fait d\u00e9j\u00e0), l\u2019observation des pratiques dans leur milieu naturel d\u2019occurrence est rendue beaucoup plus difficile sans mettre \u00e0 mal le projet scientifique m\u00eame d\u2019une ethnographie. Par exemple, on ne saura plus rien des interactions spontan\u00e9es entre les acteurs, ce qui est toujours une source importante de donn\u00e9es. La distance du chercheur par rapport \u00e0 son objet est en elle-m\u00eame une question tr\u00e8s travaill\u00e9e, mais il s\u2019agit d\u2019autre chose ici, il s’agit d\u2019une distance technologiquement construite. Car comment faire pour maintenir l\u2019essence m\u00eame de notre travail d\u2019enqu\u00eate, qui est de comprendre et de rester au plus pr\u00e8s de la mani\u00e8re dont les acteurs sociaux produisent et s\u2019arrangent des conditions dans lesquelles ils se trouvent si nous sommes emp\u00each\u00e9s de demeurer aupr\u00e8s d\u2019eux ? Quelles adaptations doivent \u00eatre entreprises ? Les historiens ont \u00e9t\u00e9 amen\u00e9s par exemple \u00e0 d\u00e9laisser le papier pour des formes dites \u00ab num\u00e9riques \u00bb, qui transforment les fa\u00e7ons de proc\u00e9der des chercheurs autant que l\u2019\u00e9tude de leurs mani\u00e8res de faire (Roustan, 2016).L\u2019enqu\u00eate \u00e0 distance repr\u00e9sente-t-elle, alors, une nouvelle \u00e9tape de \u00ab rapatriation \u00bb pour l\u2019anthropologue (Kilani, 1987), cette fois au plus pr\u00e8s de la vie sur \u00e9cran, puisque c\u2019est d\u00e9sormais l\u00e0 que nos probl\u00e9matiques de recherche doivent s\u2019appr\u00e9hender\u00a0ou est-elle un d\u00e9fi peut-\u00eatre momentan\u00e9, li\u00e9 \u00e0 un certain contexte, que l\u2019anthropologie et la sociologie doivent \u00eatre capables de surmonter ? En tout cas elle repose, aux sciences sociales, les questions du lointain, du d\u00e9tour ou de la comparaison internationale.<\/p>\nA travers cet appel, nous recherchons la soumission de textes, adoss\u00e9s \u00e0 des exp\u00e9riences de terrain, m\u00eame contrari\u00e9es, qui reviennent sur la question de l\u2019enrichissement des collectes, sur des alternatives aux collectes plus traditionnelles et sur les dilemmes que l\u2019enqu\u00eate \u00e0 distance ne manque pas de poser. Ainsi, on pourra s’interroger sur un apparent paradoxe : tandis que l’on est contraint d’enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance, on se retrouve aussi plong\u00e9 davantage dans l’intimit\u00e9 de nos interlocuteurs\/trices par le biais des (nouvelles) technologies de communication. La porosit\u00e9 entre les temps de travail et les temps personnels ou familiaux a d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 abord\u00e9 \u00e0 la faveur des premi\u00e8res enqu\u00eates sur le t\u00e9l\u00e9travail dans les ann\u00e9es 1990 et 2000 (Metzger & Cleach, 2004 ; Belton & de Coninck, 2007 ; Broadbent, 2016). Aujourd’hui cette porosit\u00e9 s’expose au plein jour des cam\u00e9ras des ordinateurs. Dans le m\u00eame temps, malgr\u00e9 cette nouvelle proximit\u00e9 avec nos interlocuteurs\/trices, ne court-on pas le risque d’un progressif aveuglement et d’une perte de connaissances sur les dynamiques ancr\u00e9es des mondes sociaux. Pour autant, il nous appara\u00eet que dans la mesure o\u00f9 le d\u00e9ploiement des pratiques en ligne est d\u00e9sormais sans fin, d\u00e9velopper de nouvelles m\u00e9thodologies d’enqu\u00eate repr\u00e9sente un d\u00e9fi \u00e0 relever. La virtualisation de la recherche de terrain est en route, comment faire pour qu\u2019elle ne signe pas le retour de la recherche en chambre, dans ce \u00ab cabinet \u00bb autrefois d\u00e9sert\u00e9 par Malinowski ? Comment maintenir la possibilit\u00e9\u0301 d\u2019un regard en pr\u00e9sence, aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s et avec les acteurs sociaux ?<\/p>\nModalit\u00e9s de soumission<\/h2>\nUne intention argument\u00e9e d\u2019environ 5\u00a0000 signes<\/strong> est attendue pour le 28 f\u00e9vrier 2021<\/strong>.<\/p>\nElle pr\u00e9cisera l\u2019objet et le questionnement de recherche, les donn\u00e9es et la m\u00e9thodologie mobilis\u00e9es, comme les enseignements tir\u00e9s, afin de faciliter le travail d\u2019arbitrage.<\/p>\nElle doit \u00eatre adress\u00e9e aux deux coordinatrices du num\u00e9ro : Mathilde.Bourrier@unige.ch<\/a> et Leah.Kimber@unige.ch<\/a><\/p>\nLa notification des propositions pr\u00e9-s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9es sera donn\u00e9e aux auteurs\u00a0mi mars. La remise des textes r\u00e9dig\u00e9s (entre 25\u00a0000 et 35\u00a0000 signes) est fix\u00e9e au\u00a030 mai 2021. La V2 apr\u00e8s \u00e9valuation des articles en double aveugle<\/strong> est attendue pour le 1 octobre 2021.<\/p>\nLa parution du num\u00e9ro\u00a044 \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb aura lieu d\u00e9but 2022.<\/p>\nBibliographie<\/h2>\nBaym, N. (2000). Tune in, Log on : Soaps, Fandom, and Online Community<\/em>. Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage.<\/p>\nBergstr\u00f6m, M. (2019). Les nouvelles lois de l’amour : sexualit\u00e9\u0301, couple et rencontres au temps du num\u00e9rique<\/em>. Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nB\u00e9liard, A. &\u00a0Eideliman, J. (2008). 6 : Au-del\u00e0 de la d\u00e9ontologie : Anonymat et confidentialit\u00e9 dans le travail ethnographique. Dans : Alban Bensa \u00e9d.,\u00a0Les politiques de l’enqu\u00eate<\/em>\u00a0(pp. 123-141). Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nBelton, L., & De Coninck, F. (2007). Des fronti\u00e8res et des liens. R\u00e9seaux<\/em>, (1), 67-100.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2010). Pour une sociologie \u00ab embarqu\u00e9e \u00bb des univers \u00e0 risque ? Tsantsa,<\/em> Revue de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9\u0301 suisse d’Ethnologie<\/em>, (15), 28-37.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2013). Embarquements. Socio-anthropologie<\/em> (dossier \u201cEmbarqu\u00e9s\u201d, dirig\u00e9 par G\u00e9rard Dubey), vol. 27, 21-34.<\/p>\nBroadbent, S. (2016). Intimacy at work : How digital media bring private life to the workplace<\/em> (Vol. 2). Routledge.<\/p>\nCrichton, S. and S. Kinash (2003). \u00ab Virtual ethnography : Interactive interviewing online as method. \u00bb Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology<\/em>\/La revue canadienne de l\u2019apprentissage et de la technologie <\/em>29(2).<\/p>\nFielding, N. G., Lee, R. M., & Blank, G. (Eds.). (2008).\u00a0The SAGE handbook of online research methods<\/em>. Sage.<\/p>\nHine, C. (2015). Ethnography for the internet : Embedded, embodied and everyday<\/em>. Bloomsbury Publishing.<\/p>\nJanghorban, R., Roudsari, R. L., & Taghipour, A. (2014). Skype interviewing : The new generation of online synchronous interview in qualitative research. Int. journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being<\/em>, 9<\/em>(1), 24152.<\/p>\nJohnson, D. R., Scheitle, C. P., & Ecklund, E. H. (2019). Beyond the In-Person Interview ? How Interview Quality Varies Across In-person, Telephone, and Skype Interviews. Social Science Computer Review<\/em>, 0894439319893612.<\/p>\nKilani, M. (1987). L’anthropologie de terrain et le terrain de l’anthropologie. Observation, description et textualisation en anthropologie. R\u00e9seaux. Communication-Technologie-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, 5<\/em>(27), 39-78.<\/p>\nKimber, L. (2020). The Architecture of Exclusion at the United Nations : Analyzing the Inclusion of the Women\u2019s Group in the Negotiations of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/em>. PhD, University of Geneva.<\/p>\nMcKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sfsic.org\/en\/aac-publication\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.sfsic.org\/en\/aac-publication\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"SFSIC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Axelle Martin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Axelle Martin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d3606993477708f4359fb9aeda58df3b\"},\"headline\":\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":3158,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"Anthropologie\",\"M\u00e9thodologie\",\"Pand\u00e9mie\"],\"articleSection\":[\"AAC Publications\",\"Article\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\",\"name\":\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\",\"description\":\"La revue \\\"Socio-Anthropologie\\\" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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Certains travaux autour des pratiques digitales notamment (Hine, 2015) et\/ou favorisant des collectes hybrides ou mixtes montrent d\u00e9j\u00e0\u0300 la voie. \u00c0 cet \u00e9gard, les travaux issus des digital ethnographies <\/em>o\u00f9 les chercheurs s’engagent avec des personnes en ligne, interviewent les utilisateurs de technologies ou demandent \u00e0 ces derniers de prendre des images qu’ils publient en ligne repr\u00e9sentent peut-\u00eatre une voie palliative praticable pour de nombreuses collectes (Pink 2016). De m\u00eame, l\u2019observation de pratiques en ligne (Baym, 2000) ou l\u2019utilisation de donn\u00e9es de masse c\u00e9d\u00e9es par des op\u00e9rateurs et rendues totalement anonymes (Cf. par exemple l\u2019utilisation des donn\u00e9es de masse de Meetic<\/em> par Marie Bergstr\u00f6m, 2019), pourraient venir enrichir consid\u00e9rablement le portfolio des m\u00e9thodes immersives plus traditionnelles.<\/p>\nDans la mesure o\u00f9 de nombreuses pratiques sociales se d\u00e9roulent majoritairement en ligne, comment \u00e9tablir les bases m\u00e9thodologiques pour monter des enqu\u00eates techniquement faisables, scientifiquement solides, socialement accept\u00e9es et \u00e9thiquement valides ? D\u00e9sormais, de nombreux chercheur.ses consid\u00e8rent que les \u00e9changes en ligne constituent en eux-m\u00eames les terrains d\u2019enqu\u00eate, et que c\u2019est donc au travers de m\u00e9thodologies d\u2019observation et d\u2019\u00e9change en ligne qu\u2019ils convient de les explorer. Mais que se passe-t-il quand ce sont des pans entiers de la vie sociale (l\u2019\u00e9cole, le travail, le sport, la pratique religieuse….) qui basculent en ligne ? Cela engage-t-il un nouvel agenda de recherche s\u2019int\u00e9ressant de mani\u00e8re privil\u00e9gi\u00e9e aux pratiques de toutes natures sur internet ? Par ailleurs, un basculement en ligne de la recherche pousse-t-il \u00e0 repenser la d\u00e9ontologie-m\u00eame du m\u00e9tier de chercheur en sciences sociales ? Sachant que dans certains pays, les questions d\u00e9ontologiques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 collectivement prises en consid\u00e9ration par les chercheurs, les universit\u00e9s et les organismes financeurs, par la r\u00e9daction de codes \u00e9thiques sur lesquels s\u2019appuient des instances de contr\u00f4le (B\u00e9liard et Eideliman, 2008), l\u2019adaptation de certaines pratiques appelle-t-elle \u00e0 collectivement repenser les codes \u00e9thiques\u00a0pour les activit\u00e9s en ligne (Tene et Polonetsky, 2016) ?<\/p>\nDe surcroit, ces pratiques d\u2019interview \u00e0 distance par exemple se sont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es dans un double contexte de r\u00e9duction et\/ou d\u2019optimisation des frais de collecte de donn\u00e9es et de sensibilisation dans les institutions acad\u00e9miques \u00e0 l\u2019empreinte carbone de la recherche, ce qui inclut les voyages, les conf\u00e9rences \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger ainsi que la r\u00e9alisation des terrains d\u2019enqu\u00eate et des campagnes d\u2019entretiens ou d\u2019observation par exemple. Ce contexte pr\u00e9existe \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie et il y a fort \u00e0 parier que les pr\u00e9occupations environnementales et la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de conduire une grande partie du travail de terrain \u00e0 distance vont perdurer. La mise au point de pratiques de recherche durables constitue un point de discussion saillante dans les laboratoires, centres et d\u00e9partements acad\u00e9miques.<\/p>\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la technologie pourrait-il v\u00e9ritablement constituer une voie possible et \u00e0 quelles conditions ? Si l\u2019on voit bien comment l\u2019entretien peut facilement basculer d’un mode en face \u00e0 face \u00e0 un mode \u00e0 distance (ce qui n\u2019est pas sans poser de questions mais on le fait d\u00e9j\u00e0), l\u2019observation des pratiques dans leur milieu naturel d\u2019occurrence est rendue beaucoup plus difficile sans mettre \u00e0 mal le projet scientifique m\u00eame d\u2019une ethnographie. Par exemple, on ne saura plus rien des interactions spontan\u00e9es entre les acteurs, ce qui est toujours une source importante de donn\u00e9es. La distance du chercheur par rapport \u00e0 son objet est en elle-m\u00eame une question tr\u00e8s travaill\u00e9e, mais il s\u2019agit d\u2019autre chose ici, il s’agit d\u2019une distance technologiquement construite. Car comment faire pour maintenir l\u2019essence m\u00eame de notre travail d\u2019enqu\u00eate, qui est de comprendre et de rester au plus pr\u00e8s de la mani\u00e8re dont les acteurs sociaux produisent et s\u2019arrangent des conditions dans lesquelles ils se trouvent si nous sommes emp\u00each\u00e9s de demeurer aupr\u00e8s d\u2019eux ? Quelles adaptations doivent \u00eatre entreprises ? Les historiens ont \u00e9t\u00e9 amen\u00e9s par exemple \u00e0 d\u00e9laisser le papier pour des formes dites \u00ab num\u00e9riques \u00bb, qui transforment les fa\u00e7ons de proc\u00e9der des chercheurs autant que l\u2019\u00e9tude de leurs mani\u00e8res de faire (Roustan, 2016).L\u2019enqu\u00eate \u00e0 distance repr\u00e9sente-t-elle, alors, une nouvelle \u00e9tape de \u00ab rapatriation \u00bb pour l\u2019anthropologue (Kilani, 1987), cette fois au plus pr\u00e8s de la vie sur \u00e9cran, puisque c\u2019est d\u00e9sormais l\u00e0 que nos probl\u00e9matiques de recherche doivent s\u2019appr\u00e9hender\u00a0ou est-elle un d\u00e9fi peut-\u00eatre momentan\u00e9, li\u00e9 \u00e0 un certain contexte, que l\u2019anthropologie et la sociologie doivent \u00eatre capables de surmonter ? En tout cas elle repose, aux sciences sociales, les questions du lointain, du d\u00e9tour ou de la comparaison internationale.<\/p>\nA travers cet appel, nous recherchons la soumission de textes, adoss\u00e9s \u00e0 des exp\u00e9riences de terrain, m\u00eame contrari\u00e9es, qui reviennent sur la question de l\u2019enrichissement des collectes, sur des alternatives aux collectes plus traditionnelles et sur les dilemmes que l\u2019enqu\u00eate \u00e0 distance ne manque pas de poser. Ainsi, on pourra s’interroger sur un apparent paradoxe : tandis que l’on est contraint d’enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance, on se retrouve aussi plong\u00e9 davantage dans l’intimit\u00e9 de nos interlocuteurs\/trices par le biais des (nouvelles) technologies de communication. La porosit\u00e9 entre les temps de travail et les temps personnels ou familiaux a d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 abord\u00e9 \u00e0 la faveur des premi\u00e8res enqu\u00eates sur le t\u00e9l\u00e9travail dans les ann\u00e9es 1990 et 2000 (Metzger & Cleach, 2004 ; Belton & de Coninck, 2007 ; Broadbent, 2016). Aujourd’hui cette porosit\u00e9 s’expose au plein jour des cam\u00e9ras des ordinateurs. Dans le m\u00eame temps, malgr\u00e9 cette nouvelle proximit\u00e9 avec nos interlocuteurs\/trices, ne court-on pas le risque d’un progressif aveuglement et d’une perte de connaissances sur les dynamiques ancr\u00e9es des mondes sociaux. Pour autant, il nous appara\u00eet que dans la mesure o\u00f9 le d\u00e9ploiement des pratiques en ligne est d\u00e9sormais sans fin, d\u00e9velopper de nouvelles m\u00e9thodologies d’enqu\u00eate repr\u00e9sente un d\u00e9fi \u00e0 relever. La virtualisation de la recherche de terrain est en route, comment faire pour qu\u2019elle ne signe pas le retour de la recherche en chambre, dans ce \u00ab cabinet \u00bb autrefois d\u00e9sert\u00e9 par Malinowski ? Comment maintenir la possibilit\u00e9\u0301 d\u2019un regard en pr\u00e9sence, aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s et avec les acteurs sociaux ?<\/p>\nModalit\u00e9s de soumission<\/h2>\nUne intention argument\u00e9e d\u2019environ 5\u00a0000 signes<\/strong> est attendue pour le 28 f\u00e9vrier 2021<\/strong>.<\/p>\nElle pr\u00e9cisera l\u2019objet et le questionnement de recherche, les donn\u00e9es et la m\u00e9thodologie mobilis\u00e9es, comme les enseignements tir\u00e9s, afin de faciliter le travail d\u2019arbitrage.<\/p>\nElle doit \u00eatre adress\u00e9e aux deux coordinatrices du num\u00e9ro : Mathilde.Bourrier@unige.ch<\/a> et Leah.Kimber@unige.ch<\/a><\/p>\nLa notification des propositions pr\u00e9-s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9es sera donn\u00e9e aux auteurs\u00a0mi mars. La remise des textes r\u00e9dig\u00e9s (entre 25\u00a0000 et 35\u00a0000 signes) est fix\u00e9e au\u00a030 mai 2021. La V2 apr\u00e8s \u00e9valuation des articles en double aveugle<\/strong> est attendue pour le 1 octobre 2021.<\/p>\nLa parution du num\u00e9ro\u00a044 \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb aura lieu d\u00e9but 2022.<\/p>\nBibliographie<\/h2>\nBaym, N. (2000). Tune in, Log on : Soaps, Fandom, and Online Community<\/em>. Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage.<\/p>\nBergstr\u00f6m, M. (2019). Les nouvelles lois de l’amour : sexualit\u00e9\u0301, couple et rencontres au temps du num\u00e9rique<\/em>. Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nB\u00e9liard, A. &\u00a0Eideliman, J. (2008). 6 : Au-del\u00e0 de la d\u00e9ontologie : Anonymat et confidentialit\u00e9 dans le travail ethnographique. Dans : Alban Bensa \u00e9d.,\u00a0Les politiques de l’enqu\u00eate<\/em>\u00a0(pp. 123-141). Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nBelton, L., & De Coninck, F. (2007). Des fronti\u00e8res et des liens. R\u00e9seaux<\/em>, (1), 67-100.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2010). Pour une sociologie \u00ab embarqu\u00e9e \u00bb des univers \u00e0 risque ? Tsantsa,<\/em> Revue de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9\u0301 suisse d’Ethnologie<\/em>, (15), 28-37.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2013). Embarquements. Socio-anthropologie<\/em> (dossier \u201cEmbarqu\u00e9s\u201d, dirig\u00e9 par G\u00e9rard Dubey), vol. 27, 21-34.<\/p>\nBroadbent, S. (2016). Intimacy at work : How digital media bring private life to the workplace<\/em> (Vol. 2). Routledge.<\/p>\nCrichton, S. and S. Kinash (2003). \u00ab Virtual ethnography : Interactive interviewing online as method. \u00bb Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology<\/em>\/La revue canadienne de l\u2019apprentissage et de la technologie <\/em>29(2).<\/p>\nFielding, N. G., Lee, R. M., & Blank, G. (Eds.). (2008).\u00a0The SAGE handbook of online research methods<\/em>. Sage.<\/p>\nHine, C. (2015). Ethnography for the internet : Embedded, embodied and everyday<\/em>. Bloomsbury Publishing.<\/p>\nJanghorban, R., Roudsari, R. L., & Taghipour, A. (2014). Skype interviewing : The new generation of online synchronous interview in qualitative research. Int. journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being<\/em>, 9<\/em>(1), 24152.<\/p>\nJohnson, D. R., Scheitle, C. P., & Ecklund, E. H. (2019). Beyond the In-Person Interview ? How Interview Quality Varies Across In-person, Telephone, and Skype Interviews. Social Science Computer Review<\/em>, 0894439319893612.<\/p>\nKilani, M. (1987). L’anthropologie de terrain et le terrain de l’anthropologie. Observation, description et textualisation en anthropologie. R\u00e9seaux. Communication-Technologie-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, 5<\/em>(27), 39-78.<\/p>\nKimber, L. (2020). The Architecture of Exclusion at the United Nations : Analyzing the Inclusion of the Women\u2019s Group in the Negotiations of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/em>. PhD, University of Geneva.<\/p>\nMcKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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Dans la mesure o\u00f9 de nombreuses pratiques sociales se d\u00e9roulent majoritairement en ligne, comment \u00e9tablir les bases m\u00e9thodologiques pour monter des enqu\u00eates techniquement faisables, scientifiquement solides, socialement accept\u00e9es et \u00e9thiquement valides ? D\u00e9sormais, de nombreux chercheur.ses consid\u00e8rent que les \u00e9changes en ligne constituent en eux-m\u00eames les terrains d\u2019enqu\u00eate, et que c\u2019est donc au travers de m\u00e9thodologies d\u2019observation et d\u2019\u00e9change en ligne qu\u2019ils convient de les explorer. Mais que se passe-t-il quand ce sont des pans entiers de la vie sociale (l\u2019\u00e9cole, le travail, le sport, la pratique religieuse….) qui basculent en ligne ? Cela engage-t-il un nouvel agenda de recherche s\u2019int\u00e9ressant de mani\u00e8re privil\u00e9gi\u00e9e aux pratiques de toutes natures sur internet ? Par ailleurs, un basculement en ligne de la recherche pousse-t-il \u00e0 repenser la d\u00e9ontologie-m\u00eame du m\u00e9tier de chercheur en sciences sociales ? Sachant que dans certains pays, les questions d\u00e9ontologiques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 collectivement prises en consid\u00e9ration par les chercheurs, les universit\u00e9s et les organismes financeurs, par la r\u00e9daction de codes \u00e9thiques sur lesquels s\u2019appuient des instances de contr\u00f4le (B\u00e9liard et Eideliman, 2008), l\u2019adaptation de certaines pratiques appelle-t-elle \u00e0 collectivement repenser les codes \u00e9thiques\u00a0pour les activit\u00e9s en ligne (Tene et Polonetsky, 2016) ?<\/p>\n
De surcroit, ces pratiques d\u2019interview \u00e0 distance par exemple se sont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es dans un double contexte de r\u00e9duction et\/ou d\u2019optimisation des frais de collecte de donn\u00e9es et de sensibilisation dans les institutions acad\u00e9miques \u00e0 l\u2019empreinte carbone de la recherche, ce qui inclut les voyages, les conf\u00e9rences \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger ainsi que la r\u00e9alisation des terrains d\u2019enqu\u00eate et des campagnes d\u2019entretiens ou d\u2019observation par exemple. Ce contexte pr\u00e9existe \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie et il y a fort \u00e0 parier que les pr\u00e9occupations environnementales et la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de conduire une grande partie du travail de terrain \u00e0 distance vont perdurer. La mise au point de pratiques de recherche durables constitue un point de discussion saillante dans les laboratoires, centres et d\u00e9partements acad\u00e9miques.<\/p>\n
Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la technologie pourrait-il v\u00e9ritablement constituer une voie possible et \u00e0 quelles conditions ? Si l\u2019on voit bien comment l\u2019entretien peut facilement basculer d’un mode en face \u00e0 face \u00e0 un mode \u00e0 distance (ce qui n\u2019est pas sans poser de questions mais on le fait d\u00e9j\u00e0), l\u2019observation des pratiques dans leur milieu naturel d\u2019occurrence est rendue beaucoup plus difficile sans mettre \u00e0 mal le projet scientifique m\u00eame d\u2019une ethnographie. Par exemple, on ne saura plus rien des interactions spontan\u00e9es entre les acteurs, ce qui est toujours une source importante de donn\u00e9es. La distance du chercheur par rapport \u00e0 son objet est en elle-m\u00eame une question tr\u00e8s travaill\u00e9e, mais il s\u2019agit d\u2019autre chose ici, il s’agit d\u2019une distance technologiquement construite. Car comment faire pour maintenir l\u2019essence m\u00eame de notre travail d\u2019enqu\u00eate, qui est de comprendre et de rester au plus pr\u00e8s de la mani\u00e8re dont les acteurs sociaux produisent et s\u2019arrangent des conditions dans lesquelles ils se trouvent si nous sommes emp\u00each\u00e9s de demeurer aupr\u00e8s d\u2019eux ? Quelles adaptations doivent \u00eatre entreprises ? Les historiens ont \u00e9t\u00e9 amen\u00e9s par exemple \u00e0 d\u00e9laisser le papier pour des formes dites \u00ab num\u00e9riques \u00bb, qui transforment les fa\u00e7ons de proc\u00e9der des chercheurs autant que l\u2019\u00e9tude de leurs mani\u00e8res de faire (Roustan, 2016).L\u2019enqu\u00eate \u00e0 distance repr\u00e9sente-t-elle, alors, une nouvelle \u00e9tape de \u00ab rapatriation \u00bb pour l\u2019anthropologue (Kilani, 1987), cette fois au plus pr\u00e8s de la vie sur \u00e9cran, puisque c\u2019est d\u00e9sormais l\u00e0 que nos probl\u00e9matiques de recherche doivent s\u2019appr\u00e9hender\u00a0ou est-elle un d\u00e9fi peut-\u00eatre momentan\u00e9, li\u00e9 \u00e0 un certain contexte, que l\u2019anthropologie et la sociologie doivent \u00eatre capables de surmonter ? En tout cas elle repose, aux sciences sociales, les questions du lointain, du d\u00e9tour ou de la comparaison internationale.<\/p>\n
A travers cet appel, nous recherchons la soumission de textes, adoss\u00e9s \u00e0 des exp\u00e9riences de terrain, m\u00eame contrari\u00e9es, qui reviennent sur la question de l\u2019enrichissement des collectes, sur des alternatives aux collectes plus traditionnelles et sur les dilemmes que l\u2019enqu\u00eate \u00e0 distance ne manque pas de poser. Ainsi, on pourra s’interroger sur un apparent paradoxe : tandis que l’on est contraint d’enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance, on se retrouve aussi plong\u00e9 davantage dans l’intimit\u00e9 de nos interlocuteurs\/trices par le biais des (nouvelles) technologies de communication. La porosit\u00e9 entre les temps de travail et les temps personnels ou familiaux a d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 abord\u00e9 \u00e0 la faveur des premi\u00e8res enqu\u00eates sur le t\u00e9l\u00e9travail dans les ann\u00e9es 1990 et 2000 (Metzger & Cleach, 2004 ; Belton & de Coninck, 2007 ; Broadbent, 2016). Aujourd’hui cette porosit\u00e9 s’expose au plein jour des cam\u00e9ras des ordinateurs. Dans le m\u00eame temps, malgr\u00e9 cette nouvelle proximit\u00e9 avec nos interlocuteurs\/trices, ne court-on pas le risque d’un progressif aveuglement et d’une perte de connaissances sur les dynamiques ancr\u00e9es des mondes sociaux. Pour autant, il nous appara\u00eet que dans la mesure o\u00f9 le d\u00e9ploiement des pratiques en ligne est d\u00e9sormais sans fin, d\u00e9velopper de nouvelles m\u00e9thodologies d’enqu\u00eate repr\u00e9sente un d\u00e9fi \u00e0 relever. La virtualisation de la recherche de terrain est en route, comment faire pour qu\u2019elle ne signe pas le retour de la recherche en chambre, dans ce \u00ab cabinet \u00bb autrefois d\u00e9sert\u00e9 par Malinowski ? Comment maintenir la possibilit\u00e9\u0301 d\u2019un regard en pr\u00e9sence, aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s et avec les acteurs sociaux ?<\/p>\n
Une intention argument\u00e9e d\u2019environ 5\u00a0000 signes<\/strong> est attendue pour le 28 f\u00e9vrier 2021<\/strong>.<\/p>\nElle pr\u00e9cisera l\u2019objet et le questionnement de recherche, les donn\u00e9es et la m\u00e9thodologie mobilis\u00e9es, comme les enseignements tir\u00e9s, afin de faciliter le travail d\u2019arbitrage.<\/p>\nElle doit \u00eatre adress\u00e9e aux deux coordinatrices du num\u00e9ro : Mathilde.Bourrier@unige.ch<\/a> et Leah.Kimber@unige.ch<\/a><\/p>\nLa notification des propositions pr\u00e9-s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9es sera donn\u00e9e aux auteurs\u00a0mi mars. La remise des textes r\u00e9dig\u00e9s (entre 25\u00a0000 et 35\u00a0000 signes) est fix\u00e9e au\u00a030 mai 2021. La V2 apr\u00e8s \u00e9valuation des articles en double aveugle<\/strong> est attendue pour le 1 octobre 2021.<\/p>\nLa parution du num\u00e9ro\u00a044 \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb aura lieu d\u00e9but 2022.<\/p>\nBibliographie<\/h2>\nBaym, N. (2000). Tune in, Log on : Soaps, Fandom, and Online Community<\/em>. Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage.<\/p>\nBergstr\u00f6m, M. (2019). Les nouvelles lois de l’amour : sexualit\u00e9\u0301, couple et rencontres au temps du num\u00e9rique<\/em>. Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nB\u00e9liard, A. &\u00a0Eideliman, J. (2008). 6 : Au-del\u00e0 de la d\u00e9ontologie : Anonymat et confidentialit\u00e9 dans le travail ethnographique. Dans : Alban Bensa \u00e9d.,\u00a0Les politiques de l’enqu\u00eate<\/em>\u00a0(pp. 123-141). Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nBelton, L., & De Coninck, F. (2007). Des fronti\u00e8res et des liens. R\u00e9seaux<\/em>, (1), 67-100.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2010). Pour une sociologie \u00ab embarqu\u00e9e \u00bb des univers \u00e0 risque ? Tsantsa,<\/em> Revue de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9\u0301 suisse d’Ethnologie<\/em>, (15), 28-37.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2013). Embarquements. Socio-anthropologie<\/em> (dossier \u201cEmbarqu\u00e9s\u201d, dirig\u00e9 par G\u00e9rard Dubey), vol. 27, 21-34.<\/p>\nBroadbent, S. (2016). Intimacy at work : How digital media bring private life to the workplace<\/em> (Vol. 2). Routledge.<\/p>\nCrichton, S. and S. Kinash (2003). \u00ab Virtual ethnography : Interactive interviewing online as method. \u00bb Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology<\/em>\/La revue canadienne de l\u2019apprentissage et de la technologie <\/em>29(2).<\/p>\nFielding, N. G., Lee, R. M., & Blank, G. (Eds.). (2008).\u00a0The SAGE handbook of online research methods<\/em>. Sage.<\/p>\nHine, C. (2015). Ethnography for the internet : Embedded, embodied and everyday<\/em>. Bloomsbury Publishing.<\/p>\nJanghorban, R., Roudsari, R. L., & Taghipour, A. (2014). Skype interviewing : The new generation of online synchronous interview in qualitative research. Int. journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being<\/em>, 9<\/em>(1), 24152.<\/p>\nJohnson, D. R., Scheitle, C. P., & Ecklund, E. H. (2019). Beyond the In-Person Interview ? How Interview Quality Varies Across In-person, Telephone, and Skype Interviews. Social Science Computer Review<\/em>, 0894439319893612.<\/p>\nKilani, M. (1987). L’anthropologie de terrain et le terrain de l’anthropologie. Observation, description et textualisation en anthropologie. R\u00e9seaux. Communication-Technologie-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, 5<\/em>(27), 39-78.<\/p>\nKimber, L. (2020). The Architecture of Exclusion at the United Nations : Analyzing the Inclusion of the Women\u2019s Group in the Negotiations of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/em>. PhD, University of Geneva.<\/p>\nMcKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sfsic.org\/en\/aac-publication\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.sfsic.org\/en\/aac-publication\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"SFSIC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Axelle Martin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Axelle Martin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d3606993477708f4359fb9aeda58df3b\"},\"headline\":\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":3158,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"Anthropologie\",\"M\u00e9thodologie\",\"Pand\u00e9mie\"],\"articleSection\":[\"AAC Publications\",\"Article\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\",\"name\":\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\",\"description\":\"La revue \\\"Socio-Anthropologie\\\" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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Elle pr\u00e9cisera l\u2019objet et le questionnement de recherche, les donn\u00e9es et la m\u00e9thodologie mobilis\u00e9es, comme les enseignements tir\u00e9s, afin de faciliter le travail d\u2019arbitrage.<\/p>\n
Elle doit \u00eatre adress\u00e9e aux deux coordinatrices du num\u00e9ro : Mathilde.Bourrier@unige.ch<\/a> et Leah.Kimber@unige.ch<\/a><\/p>\nLa notification des propositions pr\u00e9-s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9es sera donn\u00e9e aux auteurs\u00a0mi mars. La remise des textes r\u00e9dig\u00e9s (entre 25\u00a0000 et 35\u00a0000 signes) est fix\u00e9e au\u00a030 mai 2021. La V2 apr\u00e8s \u00e9valuation des articles en double aveugle<\/strong> est attendue pour le 1 octobre 2021.<\/p>\nLa parution du num\u00e9ro\u00a044 \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb aura lieu d\u00e9but 2022.<\/p>\nBibliographie<\/h2>\nBaym, N. (2000). Tune in, Log on : Soaps, Fandom, and Online Community<\/em>. Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage.<\/p>\nBergstr\u00f6m, M. (2019). Les nouvelles lois de l’amour : sexualit\u00e9\u0301, couple et rencontres au temps du num\u00e9rique<\/em>. Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nB\u00e9liard, A. &\u00a0Eideliman, J. (2008). 6 : Au-del\u00e0 de la d\u00e9ontologie : Anonymat et confidentialit\u00e9 dans le travail ethnographique. Dans : Alban Bensa \u00e9d.,\u00a0Les politiques de l’enqu\u00eate<\/em>\u00a0(pp. 123-141). Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nBelton, L., & De Coninck, F. (2007). Des fronti\u00e8res et des liens. R\u00e9seaux<\/em>, (1), 67-100.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2010). Pour une sociologie \u00ab embarqu\u00e9e \u00bb des univers \u00e0 risque ? Tsantsa,<\/em> Revue de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9\u0301 suisse d’Ethnologie<\/em>, (15), 28-37.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2013). Embarquements. Socio-anthropologie<\/em> (dossier \u201cEmbarqu\u00e9s\u201d, dirig\u00e9 par G\u00e9rard Dubey), vol. 27, 21-34.<\/p>\nBroadbent, S. (2016). Intimacy at work : How digital media bring private life to the workplace<\/em> (Vol. 2). Routledge.<\/p>\nCrichton, S. and S. Kinash (2003). \u00ab Virtual ethnography : Interactive interviewing online as method. \u00bb Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology<\/em>\/La revue canadienne de l\u2019apprentissage et de la technologie <\/em>29(2).<\/p>\nFielding, N. G., Lee, R. M., & Blank, G. (Eds.). (2008).\u00a0The SAGE handbook of online research methods<\/em>. Sage.<\/p>\nHine, C. (2015). Ethnography for the internet : Embedded, embodied and everyday<\/em>. Bloomsbury Publishing.<\/p>\nJanghorban, R., Roudsari, R. L., & Taghipour, A. (2014). Skype interviewing : The new generation of online synchronous interview in qualitative research. Int. journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being<\/em>, 9<\/em>(1), 24152.<\/p>\nJohnson, D. R., Scheitle, C. P., & Ecklund, E. H. (2019). Beyond the In-Person Interview ? How Interview Quality Varies Across In-person, Telephone, and Skype Interviews. Social Science Computer Review<\/em>, 0894439319893612.<\/p>\nKilani, M. (1987). L’anthropologie de terrain et le terrain de l’anthropologie. Observation, description et textualisation en anthropologie. R\u00e9seaux. Communication-Technologie-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, 5<\/em>(27), 39-78.<\/p>\nKimber, L. (2020). The Architecture of Exclusion at the United Nations : Analyzing the Inclusion of the Women\u2019s Group in the Negotiations of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/em>. PhD, University of Geneva.<\/p>\nMcKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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La notification des propositions pr\u00e9-s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9es sera donn\u00e9e aux auteurs\u00a0mi mars. La remise des textes r\u00e9dig\u00e9s (entre 25\u00a0000 et 35\u00a0000 signes) est fix\u00e9e au\u00a030 mai 2021. La V2 apr\u00e8s \u00e9valuation des articles en double aveugle<\/strong> est attendue pour le 1 octobre 2021.<\/p>\nLa parution du num\u00e9ro\u00a044 \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb aura lieu d\u00e9but 2022.<\/p>\nBibliographie<\/h2>\nBaym, N. (2000). Tune in, Log on : Soaps, Fandom, and Online Community<\/em>. Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage.<\/p>\nBergstr\u00f6m, M. (2019). Les nouvelles lois de l’amour : sexualit\u00e9\u0301, couple et rencontres au temps du num\u00e9rique<\/em>. Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nB\u00e9liard, A. &\u00a0Eideliman, J. (2008). 6 : Au-del\u00e0 de la d\u00e9ontologie : Anonymat et confidentialit\u00e9 dans le travail ethnographique. Dans : Alban Bensa \u00e9d.,\u00a0Les politiques de l’enqu\u00eate<\/em>\u00a0(pp. 123-141). Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nBelton, L., & De Coninck, F. (2007). Des fronti\u00e8res et des liens. R\u00e9seaux<\/em>, (1), 67-100.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2010). Pour une sociologie \u00ab embarqu\u00e9e \u00bb des univers \u00e0 risque ? Tsantsa,<\/em> Revue de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9\u0301 suisse d’Ethnologie<\/em>, (15), 28-37.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2013). Embarquements. Socio-anthropologie<\/em> (dossier \u201cEmbarqu\u00e9s\u201d, dirig\u00e9 par G\u00e9rard Dubey), vol. 27, 21-34.<\/p>\nBroadbent, S. (2016). Intimacy at work : How digital media bring private life to the workplace<\/em> (Vol. 2). Routledge.<\/p>\nCrichton, S. and S. Kinash (2003). \u00ab Virtual ethnography : Interactive interviewing online as method. \u00bb Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology<\/em>\/La revue canadienne de l\u2019apprentissage et de la technologie <\/em>29(2).<\/p>\nFielding, N. G., Lee, R. M., & Blank, G. (Eds.). (2008).\u00a0The SAGE handbook of online research methods<\/em>. Sage.<\/p>\nHine, C. (2015). Ethnography for the internet : Embedded, embodied and everyday<\/em>. Bloomsbury Publishing.<\/p>\nJanghorban, R., Roudsari, R. L., & Taghipour, A. (2014). Skype interviewing : The new generation of online synchronous interview in qualitative research. Int. journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being<\/em>, 9<\/em>(1), 24152.<\/p>\nJohnson, D. R., Scheitle, C. P., & Ecklund, E. H. (2019). Beyond the In-Person Interview ? How Interview Quality Varies Across In-person, Telephone, and Skype Interviews. Social Science Computer Review<\/em>, 0894439319893612.<\/p>\nKilani, M. (1987). L’anthropologie de terrain et le terrain de l’anthropologie. Observation, description et textualisation en anthropologie. R\u00e9seaux. Communication-Technologie-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, 5<\/em>(27), 39-78.<\/p>\nKimber, L. (2020). The Architecture of Exclusion at the United Nations : Analyzing the Inclusion of the Women\u2019s Group in the Negotiations of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/em>. PhD, University of Geneva.<\/p>\nMcKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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La parution du num\u00e9ro\u00a044 \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb aura lieu d\u00e9but 2022.<\/p>\n
Baym, N. (2000). Tune in, Log on : Soaps, Fandom, and Online Community<\/em>. Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage.<\/p>\nBergstr\u00f6m, M. (2019). Les nouvelles lois de l’amour : sexualit\u00e9\u0301, couple et rencontres au temps du num\u00e9rique<\/em>. Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nB\u00e9liard, A. &\u00a0Eideliman, J. (2008). 6 : Au-del\u00e0 de la d\u00e9ontologie : Anonymat et confidentialit\u00e9 dans le travail ethnographique. Dans : Alban Bensa \u00e9d.,\u00a0Les politiques de l’enqu\u00eate<\/em>\u00a0(pp. 123-141). Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nBelton, L., & De Coninck, F. (2007). Des fronti\u00e8res et des liens. R\u00e9seaux<\/em>, (1), 67-100.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2010). Pour une sociologie \u00ab embarqu\u00e9e \u00bb des univers \u00e0 risque ? Tsantsa,<\/em> Revue de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9\u0301 suisse d’Ethnologie<\/em>, (15), 28-37.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2013). Embarquements. Socio-anthropologie<\/em> (dossier \u201cEmbarqu\u00e9s\u201d, dirig\u00e9 par G\u00e9rard Dubey), vol. 27, 21-34.<\/p>\nBroadbent, S. (2016). Intimacy at work : How digital media bring private life to the workplace<\/em> (Vol. 2). Routledge.<\/p>\nCrichton, S. and S. Kinash (2003). \u00ab Virtual ethnography : Interactive interviewing online as method. \u00bb Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology<\/em>\/La revue canadienne de l\u2019apprentissage et de la technologie <\/em>29(2).<\/p>\nFielding, N. G., Lee, R. M., & Blank, G. (Eds.). (2008).\u00a0The SAGE handbook of online research methods<\/em>. Sage.<\/p>\nHine, C. (2015). Ethnography for the internet : Embedded, embodied and everyday<\/em>. Bloomsbury Publishing.<\/p>\nJanghorban, R., Roudsari, R. L., & Taghipour, A. (2014). Skype interviewing : The new generation of online synchronous interview in qualitative research. Int. journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being<\/em>, 9<\/em>(1), 24152.<\/p>\nJohnson, D. R., Scheitle, C. P., & Ecklund, E. H. (2019). Beyond the In-Person Interview ? How Interview Quality Varies Across In-person, Telephone, and Skype Interviews. Social Science Computer Review<\/em>, 0894439319893612.<\/p>\nKilani, M. (1987). L’anthropologie de terrain et le terrain de l’anthropologie. Observation, description et textualisation en anthropologie. R\u00e9seaux. Communication-Technologie-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, 5<\/em>(27), 39-78.<\/p>\nKimber, L. (2020). The Architecture of Exclusion at the United Nations : Analyzing the Inclusion of the Women\u2019s Group in the Negotiations of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/em>. PhD, University of Geneva.<\/p>\nMcKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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Bergstr\u00f6m, M. (2019). Les nouvelles lois de l’amour : sexualit\u00e9\u0301, couple et rencontres au temps du num\u00e9rique<\/em>. Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nB\u00e9liard, A. &\u00a0Eideliman, J. (2008). 6 : Au-del\u00e0 de la d\u00e9ontologie : Anonymat et confidentialit\u00e9 dans le travail ethnographique. Dans : Alban Bensa \u00e9d.,\u00a0Les politiques de l’enqu\u00eate<\/em>\u00a0(pp. 123-141). Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nBelton, L., & De Coninck, F. (2007). Des fronti\u00e8res et des liens. R\u00e9seaux<\/em>, (1), 67-100.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2010). Pour une sociologie \u00ab embarqu\u00e9e \u00bb des univers \u00e0 risque ? Tsantsa,<\/em> Revue de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9\u0301 suisse d’Ethnologie<\/em>, (15), 28-37.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2013). Embarquements. Socio-anthropologie<\/em> (dossier \u201cEmbarqu\u00e9s\u201d, dirig\u00e9 par G\u00e9rard Dubey), vol. 27, 21-34.<\/p>\nBroadbent, S. (2016). Intimacy at work : How digital media bring private life to the workplace<\/em> (Vol. 2). Routledge.<\/p>\nCrichton, S. and S. Kinash (2003). \u00ab Virtual ethnography : Interactive interviewing online as method. \u00bb Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology<\/em>\/La revue canadienne de l\u2019apprentissage et de la technologie <\/em>29(2).<\/p>\nFielding, N. G., Lee, R. M., & Blank, G. (Eds.). (2008).\u00a0The SAGE handbook of online research methods<\/em>. Sage.<\/p>\nHine, C. (2015). Ethnography for the internet : Embedded, embodied and everyday<\/em>. Bloomsbury Publishing.<\/p>\nJanghorban, R., Roudsari, R. L., & Taghipour, A. (2014). Skype interviewing : The new generation of online synchronous interview in qualitative research. Int. journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being<\/em>, 9<\/em>(1), 24152.<\/p>\nJohnson, D. R., Scheitle, C. P., & Ecklund, E. H. (2019). Beyond the In-Person Interview ? How Interview Quality Varies Across In-person, Telephone, and Skype Interviews. Social Science Computer Review<\/em>, 0894439319893612.<\/p>\nKilani, M. (1987). L’anthropologie de terrain et le terrain de l’anthropologie. Observation, description et textualisation en anthropologie. R\u00e9seaux. Communication-Technologie-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, 5<\/em>(27), 39-78.<\/p>\nKimber, L. (2020). The Architecture of Exclusion at the United Nations : Analyzing the Inclusion of the Women\u2019s Group in the Negotiations of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/em>. PhD, University of Geneva.<\/p>\nMcKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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B\u00e9liard, A. &\u00a0Eideliman, J. (2008). 6 : Au-del\u00e0 de la d\u00e9ontologie : Anonymat et confidentialit\u00e9 dans le travail ethnographique. Dans : Alban Bensa \u00e9d.,\u00a0Les politiques de l’enqu\u00eate<\/em>\u00a0(pp. 123-141). Paris, La D\u00e9couverte.<\/p>\nBelton, L., & De Coninck, F. (2007). Des fronti\u00e8res et des liens. R\u00e9seaux<\/em>, (1), 67-100.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2010). Pour une sociologie \u00ab embarqu\u00e9e \u00bb des univers \u00e0 risque ? Tsantsa,<\/em> Revue de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9\u0301 suisse d’Ethnologie<\/em>, (15), 28-37.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2013). Embarquements. Socio-anthropologie<\/em> (dossier \u201cEmbarqu\u00e9s\u201d, dirig\u00e9 par G\u00e9rard Dubey), vol. 27, 21-34.<\/p>\nBroadbent, S. (2016). Intimacy at work : How digital media bring private life to the workplace<\/em> (Vol. 2). Routledge.<\/p>\nCrichton, S. and S. Kinash (2003). \u00ab Virtual ethnography : Interactive interviewing online as method. \u00bb Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology<\/em>\/La revue canadienne de l\u2019apprentissage et de la technologie <\/em>29(2).<\/p>\nFielding, N. G., Lee, R. M., & Blank, G. (Eds.). (2008).\u00a0The SAGE handbook of online research methods<\/em>. Sage.<\/p>\nHine, C. (2015). Ethnography for the internet : Embedded, embodied and everyday<\/em>. Bloomsbury Publishing.<\/p>\nJanghorban, R., Roudsari, R. L., & Taghipour, A. (2014). Skype interviewing : The new generation of online synchronous interview in qualitative research. Int. journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being<\/em>, 9<\/em>(1), 24152.<\/p>\nJohnson, D. R., Scheitle, C. P., & Ecklund, E. H. (2019). Beyond the In-Person Interview ? How Interview Quality Varies Across In-person, Telephone, and Skype Interviews. Social Science Computer Review<\/em>, 0894439319893612.<\/p>\nKilani, M. (1987). L’anthropologie de terrain et le terrain de l’anthropologie. Observation, description et textualisation en anthropologie. R\u00e9seaux. Communication-Technologie-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, 5<\/em>(27), 39-78.<\/p>\nKimber, L. (2020). The Architecture of Exclusion at the United Nations : Analyzing the Inclusion of the Women\u2019s Group in the Negotiations of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/em>. PhD, University of Geneva.<\/p>\nMcKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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Belton, L., & De Coninck, F. (2007). Des fronti\u00e8res et des liens. R\u00e9seaux<\/em>, (1), 67-100.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2010). Pour une sociologie \u00ab embarqu\u00e9e \u00bb des univers \u00e0 risque ? Tsantsa,<\/em> Revue de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9\u0301 suisse d’Ethnologie<\/em>, (15), 28-37.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2013). Embarquements. Socio-anthropologie<\/em> (dossier \u201cEmbarqu\u00e9s\u201d, dirig\u00e9 par G\u00e9rard Dubey), vol. 27, 21-34.<\/p>\nBroadbent, S. (2016). Intimacy at work : How digital media bring private life to the workplace<\/em> (Vol. 2). Routledge.<\/p>\nCrichton, S. and S. Kinash (2003). \u00ab Virtual ethnography : Interactive interviewing online as method. \u00bb Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology<\/em>\/La revue canadienne de l\u2019apprentissage et de la technologie <\/em>29(2).<\/p>\nFielding, N. G., Lee, R. M., & Blank, G. (Eds.). (2008).\u00a0The SAGE handbook of online research methods<\/em>. Sage.<\/p>\nHine, C. (2015). Ethnography for the internet : Embedded, embodied and everyday<\/em>. Bloomsbury Publishing.<\/p>\nJanghorban, R., Roudsari, R. L., & Taghipour, A. (2014). Skype interviewing : The new generation of online synchronous interview in qualitative research. Int. journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being<\/em>, 9<\/em>(1), 24152.<\/p>\nJohnson, D. R., Scheitle, C. P., & Ecklund, E. H. (2019). Beyond the In-Person Interview ? How Interview Quality Varies Across In-person, Telephone, and Skype Interviews. Social Science Computer Review<\/em>, 0894439319893612.<\/p>\nKilani, M. (1987). L’anthropologie de terrain et le terrain de l’anthropologie. Observation, description et textualisation en anthropologie. R\u00e9seaux. Communication-Technologie-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, 5<\/em>(27), 39-78.<\/p>\nKimber, L. (2020). The Architecture of Exclusion at the United Nations : Analyzing the Inclusion of the Women\u2019s Group in the Negotiations of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/em>. PhD, University of Geneva.<\/p>\nMcKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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Bourrier, M. (2010). Pour une sociologie \u00ab embarqu\u00e9e \u00bb des univers \u00e0 risque ? Tsantsa,<\/em> Revue de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9\u0301 suisse d’Ethnologie<\/em>, (15), 28-37.<\/p>\nBourrier, M. (2013). Embarquements. Socio-anthropologie<\/em> (dossier \u201cEmbarqu\u00e9s\u201d, dirig\u00e9 par G\u00e9rard Dubey), vol. 27, 21-34.<\/p>\nBroadbent, S. (2016). Intimacy at work : How digital media bring private life to the workplace<\/em> (Vol. 2). Routledge.<\/p>\nCrichton, S. and S. Kinash (2003). \u00ab Virtual ethnography : Interactive interviewing online as method. \u00bb Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology<\/em>\/La revue canadienne de l\u2019apprentissage et de la technologie <\/em>29(2).<\/p>\nFielding, N. G., Lee, R. M., & Blank, G. (Eds.). (2008).\u00a0The SAGE handbook of online research methods<\/em>. Sage.<\/p>\nHine, C. (2015). Ethnography for the internet : Embedded, embodied and everyday<\/em>. Bloomsbury Publishing.<\/p>\nJanghorban, R., Roudsari, R. L., & Taghipour, A. (2014). Skype interviewing : The new generation of online synchronous interview in qualitative research. Int. journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being<\/em>, 9<\/em>(1), 24152.<\/p>\nJohnson, D. R., Scheitle, C. P., & Ecklund, E. H. (2019). Beyond the In-Person Interview ? How Interview Quality Varies Across In-person, Telephone, and Skype Interviews. Social Science Computer Review<\/em>, 0894439319893612.<\/p>\nKilani, M. (1987). L’anthropologie de terrain et le terrain de l’anthropologie. Observation, description et textualisation en anthropologie. R\u00e9seaux. Communication-Technologie-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, 5<\/em>(27), 39-78.<\/p>\nKimber, L. (2020). The Architecture of Exclusion at the United Nations : Analyzing the Inclusion of the Women\u2019s Group in the Negotiations of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/em>. PhD, University of Geneva.<\/p>\nMcKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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Bourrier, M. (2013). Embarquements. Socio-anthropologie<\/em> (dossier \u201cEmbarqu\u00e9s\u201d, dirig\u00e9 par G\u00e9rard Dubey), vol. 27, 21-34.<\/p>\nBroadbent, S. (2016). Intimacy at work : How digital media bring private life to the workplace<\/em> (Vol. 2). Routledge.<\/p>\nCrichton, S. and S. Kinash (2003). \u00ab Virtual ethnography : Interactive interviewing online as method. \u00bb Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology<\/em>\/La revue canadienne de l\u2019apprentissage et de la technologie <\/em>29(2).<\/p>\nFielding, N. G., Lee, R. M., & Blank, G. (Eds.). (2008).\u00a0The SAGE handbook of online research methods<\/em>. Sage.<\/p>\nHine, C. (2015). Ethnography for the internet : Embedded, embodied and everyday<\/em>. Bloomsbury Publishing.<\/p>\nJanghorban, R., Roudsari, R. L., & Taghipour, A. (2014). Skype interviewing : The new generation of online synchronous interview in qualitative research. Int. journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being<\/em>, 9<\/em>(1), 24152.<\/p>\nJohnson, D. R., Scheitle, C. P., & Ecklund, E. H. (2019). Beyond the In-Person Interview ? How Interview Quality Varies Across In-person, Telephone, and Skype Interviews. Social Science Computer Review<\/em>, 0894439319893612.<\/p>\nKilani, M. (1987). L’anthropologie de terrain et le terrain de l’anthropologie. Observation, description et textualisation en anthropologie. R\u00e9seaux. Communication-Technologie-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, 5<\/em>(27), 39-78.<\/p>\nKimber, L. (2020). The Architecture of Exclusion at the United Nations : Analyzing the Inclusion of the Women\u2019s Group in the Negotiations of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/em>. PhD, University of Geneva.<\/p>\nMcKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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Broadbent, S. (2016). Intimacy at work : How digital media bring private life to the workplace<\/em> (Vol. 2). Routledge.<\/p>\nCrichton, S. and S. Kinash (2003). \u00ab Virtual ethnography : Interactive interviewing online as method. \u00bb Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology<\/em>\/La revue canadienne de l\u2019apprentissage et de la technologie <\/em>29(2).<\/p>\nFielding, N. G., Lee, R. M., & Blank, G. (Eds.). (2008).\u00a0The SAGE handbook of online research methods<\/em>. Sage.<\/p>\nHine, C. (2015). Ethnography for the internet : Embedded, embodied and everyday<\/em>. Bloomsbury Publishing.<\/p>\nJanghorban, R., Roudsari, R. L., & Taghipour, A. (2014). Skype interviewing : The new generation of online synchronous interview in qualitative research. Int. journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being<\/em>, 9<\/em>(1), 24152.<\/p>\nJohnson, D. R., Scheitle, C. P., & Ecklund, E. H. (2019). Beyond the In-Person Interview ? How Interview Quality Varies Across In-person, Telephone, and Skype Interviews. Social Science Computer Review<\/em>, 0894439319893612.<\/p>\nKilani, M. (1987). L’anthropologie de terrain et le terrain de l’anthropologie. Observation, description et textualisation en anthropologie. R\u00e9seaux. Communication-Technologie-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, 5<\/em>(27), 39-78.<\/p>\nKimber, L. (2020). The Architecture of Exclusion at the United Nations : Analyzing the Inclusion of the Women\u2019s Group in the Negotiations of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/em>. PhD, University of Geneva.<\/p>\nMcKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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Crichton, S. and S. Kinash (2003). \u00ab Virtual ethnography : Interactive interviewing online as method. \u00bb Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology<\/em>\/La revue canadienne de l\u2019apprentissage et de la technologie <\/em>29(2).<\/p>\nFielding, N. G., Lee, R. M., & Blank, G. (Eds.). (2008).\u00a0The SAGE handbook of online research methods<\/em>. Sage.<\/p>\nHine, C. (2015). Ethnography for the internet : Embedded, embodied and everyday<\/em>. Bloomsbury Publishing.<\/p>\nJanghorban, R., Roudsari, R. L., & Taghipour, A. (2014). Skype interviewing : The new generation of online synchronous interview in qualitative research. Int. journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being<\/em>, 9<\/em>(1), 24152.<\/p>\nJohnson, D. R., Scheitle, C. P., & Ecklund, E. H. (2019). Beyond the In-Person Interview ? How Interview Quality Varies Across In-person, Telephone, and Skype Interviews. Social Science Computer Review<\/em>, 0894439319893612.<\/p>\nKilani, M. (1987). L’anthropologie de terrain et le terrain de l’anthropologie. Observation, description et textualisation en anthropologie. R\u00e9seaux. Communication-Technologie-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, 5<\/em>(27), 39-78.<\/p>\nKimber, L. (2020). The Architecture of Exclusion at the United Nations : Analyzing the Inclusion of the Women\u2019s Group in the Negotiations of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/em>. PhD, University of Geneva.<\/p>\nMcKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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Fielding, N. G., Lee, R. M., & Blank, G. (Eds.). (2008).\u00a0The SAGE handbook of online research methods<\/em>. Sage.<\/p>\nHine, C. (2015). Ethnography for the internet : Embedded, embodied and everyday<\/em>. Bloomsbury Publishing.<\/p>\nJanghorban, R., Roudsari, R. L., & Taghipour, A. (2014). Skype interviewing : The new generation of online synchronous interview in qualitative research. Int. journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being<\/em>, 9<\/em>(1), 24152.<\/p>\nJohnson, D. R., Scheitle, C. P., & Ecklund, E. H. (2019). Beyond the In-Person Interview ? How Interview Quality Varies Across In-person, Telephone, and Skype Interviews. Social Science Computer Review<\/em>, 0894439319893612.<\/p>\nKilani, M. (1987). L’anthropologie de terrain et le terrain de l’anthropologie. Observation, description et textualisation en anthropologie. R\u00e9seaux. Communication-Technologie-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, 5<\/em>(27), 39-78.<\/p>\nKimber, L. (2020). The Architecture of Exclusion at the United Nations : Analyzing the Inclusion of the Women\u2019s Group in the Negotiations of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/em>. PhD, University of Geneva.<\/p>\nMcKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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Hine, C. (2015). Ethnography for the internet : Embedded, embodied and everyday<\/em>. Bloomsbury Publishing.<\/p>\nJanghorban, R., Roudsari, R. L., & Taghipour, A. (2014). Skype interviewing : The new generation of online synchronous interview in qualitative research. Int. journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being<\/em>, 9<\/em>(1), 24152.<\/p>\nJohnson, D. R., Scheitle, C. P., & Ecklund, E. H. (2019). Beyond the In-Person Interview ? How Interview Quality Varies Across In-person, Telephone, and Skype Interviews. Social Science Computer Review<\/em>, 0894439319893612.<\/p>\nKilani, M. (1987). L’anthropologie de terrain et le terrain de l’anthropologie. Observation, description et textualisation en anthropologie. R\u00e9seaux. Communication-Technologie-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, 5<\/em>(27), 39-78.<\/p>\nKimber, L. (2020). The Architecture of Exclusion at the United Nations : Analyzing the Inclusion of the Women\u2019s Group in the Negotiations of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/em>. PhD, University of Geneva.<\/p>\nMcKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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Janghorban, R., Roudsari, R. L., & Taghipour, A. (2014). Skype interviewing : The new generation of online synchronous interview in qualitative research. Int. journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being<\/em>, 9<\/em>(1), 24152.<\/p>\nJohnson, D. R., Scheitle, C. P., & Ecklund, E. H. (2019). Beyond the In-Person Interview ? How Interview Quality Varies Across In-person, Telephone, and Skype Interviews. Social Science Computer Review<\/em>, 0894439319893612.<\/p>\nKilani, M. (1987). L’anthropologie de terrain et le terrain de l’anthropologie. Observation, description et textualisation en anthropologie. R\u00e9seaux. Communication-Technologie-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, 5<\/em>(27), 39-78.<\/p>\nKimber, L. (2020). The Architecture of Exclusion at the United Nations : Analyzing the Inclusion of the Women\u2019s Group in the Negotiations of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/em>. PhD, University of Geneva.<\/p>\nMcKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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Johnson, D. R., Scheitle, C. P., & Ecklund, E. H. (2019). Beyond the In-Person Interview ? How Interview Quality Varies Across In-person, Telephone, and Skype Interviews. Social Science Computer Review<\/em>, 0894439319893612.<\/p>\nKilani, M. (1987). L’anthropologie de terrain et le terrain de l’anthropologie. Observation, description et textualisation en anthropologie. R\u00e9seaux. Communication-Technologie-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, 5<\/em>(27), 39-78.<\/p>\nKimber, L. (2020). The Architecture of Exclusion at the United Nations : Analyzing the Inclusion of the Women\u2019s Group in the Negotiations of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/em>. PhD, University of Geneva.<\/p>\nMcKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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Kilani, M. (1987). L’anthropologie de terrain et le terrain de l’anthropologie. Observation, description et textualisation en anthropologie. R\u00e9seaux. Communication-Technologie-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, 5<\/em>(27), 39-78.<\/p>\nKimber, L. (2020). The Architecture of Exclusion at the United Nations : Analyzing the Inclusion of the Women\u2019s Group in the Negotiations of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/em>. PhD, University of Geneva.<\/p>\nMcKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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Kimber, L. (2020). The Architecture of Exclusion at the United Nations : Analyzing the Inclusion of the Women\u2019s Group in the Negotiations of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/em>. PhD, University of Geneva.<\/p>\nMcKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sfsic.org\/en\/aac-publication\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.sfsic.org\/en\/aac-publication\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"SFSIC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Axelle Martin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Axelle Martin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d3606993477708f4359fb9aeda58df3b\"},\"headline\":\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":3158,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"Anthropologie\",\"M\u00e9thodologie\",\"Pand\u00e9mie\"],\"articleSection\":[\"AAC Publications\",\"Article\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\",\"name\":\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\",\"description\":\"La revue \\\"Socio-Anthropologie\\\" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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McKee, N. P. (1999). The great conversation at a distance : Using journals in an anthropology telecourse. American Journal of Distance Education<\/em>, 13<\/em>(3), 62-72.<\/p>\nMead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sfsic.org\/en\/aac-publication\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? \u00bb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.sfsic.org\/en\/aac-publication\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"SFSIC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Axelle Martin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Axelle Martin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d3606993477708f4359fb9aeda58df3b\"},\"headline\":\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":3158,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"Anthropologie\",\"M\u00e9thodologie\",\"Pand\u00e9mie\"],\"articleSection\":[\"AAC Publications\",\"Article\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/aac-publication\\\/enqueter-a-distance-nouvel-eldorado\\\/\",\"name\":\"Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sfsic.org\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-01-19T16:01:15+00:00\",\"description\":\"La revue \\\"Socio-Anthropologie\\\" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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Mead, M., & M\u00e9traux, R. (Eds.). (1953). The Study of Culture at a Distance<\/em>. Chicago and London : The University of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\nMots-cl\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/li>\nAnthropologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nM\u00e9thodologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\nPand\u00e9mie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La revue "Socio-Anthropologie" lance son appel \u00e0 contribution pour son num\u00e9ro 45 sur le th\u00e8me : \u00ab Enqu\u00eater \u00e0 distance : nouvel eldorado ? 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Mis en ligne le 12 janvier 2021 Informations \u00e9dit\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d\u2019une annonce Calenda. Th\u00e9matiques M\u00e9diation des savoirs, \u00e9ducation et formation Num\u00e9rique : strat\u00e9gies, dispositifs et usages Organisation des connaissances […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,60],"tags":[354,110,356],"thematique":[43,39,42],"sfsic":[],"class_list":["post-15416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aac-publication","category-article","tag-anthropologie","tag-methodologie","tag-pandemie","thematique-mediation-des-savoirs-education-et-formation","thematique-numerique-strategies-dispositifs-et-usages","thematique-organisation-des-connaissances","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n